基于锑和铌复合调控的780MPa级海工钢耐应力腐蚀微观作用机制
批准号:
52101068
项目类别:
青年科学基金项目(C类)
资助金额:
30.0 万元
负责人:
吴伟
依托单位:
学科分类:
金属材料使役行为与表面工程
结题年份:
2024
批准年份:
2021
项目状态:
已结题
项目参与者:
吴伟
中文摘要
应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)是静载荷海洋工程结构用钢的主要失效模式。当前海工钢的发展以强度提升为中心,其SCC敏感性会不断升高,严重威胁工程结构的可靠性。在保证强韧性的基础上优化海工钢的耐SCC性能有助于从材料结构本质上降低SCC风险,然而迄今为止,国际范围内尚无成熟的耐SCC性能优化理论和方法,亟待相关研究突破。本项目基于海工钢SCC失效机制,提出了利用微合金化和组织调控协同抑制SCC过程中局部力学-电化学效应和氢破坏效应的耐SCC性能优化理论,并以780MPa级海工钢为研究对象,采用电化学、SCC试验和微观表征技术研究Sb和Nb复合调控对其SCC机理的影响规律,验证Sb和Nb复合调控从提高界面电化学阻力和降低氢扩散速率与可扩散氢浓度的角度优化海工钢耐SCC性能的有效性,揭示其抑制局部力学-电化学效应和氢破坏效应的微观作用机制,探究780MPa级海工钢耐SCC性能优化的逆向调控理论与方法。
英文摘要
Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is the main failure mode of structural steels for marine engineering under static load. At present, the development of steels for marine engineering is centered on strength improvement, and the sensitivity of steels to SCC will continue to increase, which seriously threatens the reliability of engineering structures. Optimizing the resistance of steels to SCC on the basis of strength and toughness will help to reduce the SCC risk in essence from the material structure. However, up to now, there is no mature SCC resistance optimization theory and method all over the world, and relevant research and theoretical breakthrough are urgently needed. Based on the SCC failure mechanism, this project proposed one theory to synergically restrain the local mechanical-electrochemical effect and the hydrogen assisted damage effect in SCC process via microalloying and microstructure regulation. Taking 780 MPa grade steel for marine engineering as the experimental material, the influence of the combined regulation of Sb and Nb on the SCC mechanism was studied by using electrochemical measurements and SCC tests as well as microscopic characterization methods. The effectiveness of the combined regulation of Sb and Nb in improving the SCC resistance was verified from the point of increasing interfacial electrochemical resistance and reducing hydrogen diffusion rate and diffusible hydrogen concentration. The synergistic mechanism of inhibiting local mechanical-electrochemical effect and hydrogen assisted damage effect was revealed, and the reverse regulation theory and method of SCC resistance optimization of 780MPa grade steel for marine engineering were explored.
海洋资源争夺战在世界范围内愈发激烈,在工程装备技术水平不断提升的同时,对海工钢的综合性能也提出了更高要求。应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)是海工钢的主要失效模式,随着海工钢强度级别的不断提高,其SCC敏感性也逐渐升高,这对海洋工程结构的可靠性构成了严重威胁。针对上述问题,本项目设计制备了不同铌(Nb)和锑(Sb)元素含量的高强海工钢(Nb≤0.09wt%,Sb≤0.1wt%),并结合电化学测试、充氢实验、恒应变和慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)实验以及高分辨表征技术等多种手段,深入研究了Nb和Sb元素对高强钢在模拟海洋大气环境中SCC行为和机理的影响。研究揭示了Nb和Sb复合添加通过协同抑制局部力学-电化学过程以及氢破坏效应来提高抗SCC性能的作用机制,验证了通过逆SCC机理调控的微合金化设计来降低高强钢SCC风险的可行性,初步建立了基于逆向调控的高强海工钢耐SCC性能优化理论与方法。最终基于上述研究提出了一种具有较高抗SCC性能的原型钢种(Nb含量0.06%,Sb含量0.1%)。相关研究成果能够推动我国海洋用钢的升级换代,助力海洋建设和海上“一带一路”政策,同时有助于完善耐蚀钢调控理论,为我国高品质海工钢的发展提供直接依据,具有重大的工程价值和科学意义。
国内基金
海外基金