硒功能化磁性吸附剂对大米蛋白中重金属的脱除机理与方法研究

大米蛋白对重金属具有高累积性，重金属污染是当前大米蛋白质量安全的主要制约因素。利用吸附剂直接吸附重金属是高选择性去除重金属的有效手段，但是对于以大米蛋白结合态存在的重金属，其如何在蛋白基体和吸附剂界面进行重新分配，相关的吸附行为及脱除机制尚不明晰。针对该问题，本项目以硒对重金属特异性的强亲和力为依据，在前期磁吸附材料研究基础上，拟通过构建具有高效吸附重金属性能的硒功能化磁性吸附剂，开展对大米蛋白中重金属的吸附脱除机理与方法研究。项目将通过解析吸附动力学及热力学，掌握大米蛋白类型影响重金属脱除的内在规律，明确吸附剂对大米蛋白中重金属的吸附特性；结合谱学分析和分子模拟手段，阐明吸附剂选择性识别重金属的作用方式，揭示大米蛋白中重金属的脱除机理。通过本项目研究，将深入了解重金属从蛋白结合态迁移至吸附剂的过程机制，为大米蛋白及复杂食品体系中重金属的高效脱除奠定理论基础和技术支撑。

Because of the high heavy metal accumulation of rice protein, heavy metal contamination has become the main constraint on the quality and safety of the rice protein. Adsorption technology has been recognized as one of the most promising approaches for the highly selective removal of heavy metals. However, for heavy metals which exist as protein-binding state in rice protein, little was known about their redistribution regulation on the protein-adsorbent interface, as well as the relevant adsorption behavior and removal mechanism. To address this problem, on the basis of the strong affinity of selenium for heavy metals and our previous research about magnetic adsorbents, selenium functionalized magnetic adsorbents with excellent heavy metals adsorption capacity will be prepared to study the adsorption mechanism and removal method of heavy metals from rice protein. Through the studies of adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics, the internal rule of the effect of rice protein on the removal of heavy metals will be mastered, and the adsorption characteristics of heavy metals from rice protein will be clarified. By combining spectrum analysis and molecular simulation technologies, the interaction between heavy metals and adsorbent will be identified, and the removal mechanism for heavy metal from rice protein by adsorbent will be revealed. The research results of this project will take an in-depth look at the mechanism of the migration of heavy metals from protein-binding state to adsorbent, and provide basic theory and technical support to the efficient removal of heavy metals from rice protein and other complicated food matrix.