HMX球形聚集结构的构筑及冲击波感度关联性研究

在武器装备对高能低感炸药高位需求的背景下，奥克托今（HMX）较高的冲击波感度已难以满足安全与能量兼顾这一基本诉求。目前关于HMX单质炸药的降感研究主要围绕其晶体特性（分子堆积结构、缺陷、形貌、粒度）展开，还未涉及晶体聚集结构层面。本项目拟从HMX晶体的聚集结构设计与调控出发，利用β-HMX晶体的非晶体学分叉行为，将β-HMX子晶进行有序预聚集，制备具有规整介观结构的球形聚集体，即β-HMX球晶；通过其生长动力学研究及形成机制阐释，理解并控制β-HMX球晶的聚集几何形态、子晶取向、晶界等聚集结构特征；认识聚集结构特征对β-HMX球晶炸药冲击波感度的影响规律，建立结构特征参量与冲击波感度性能之间的构效关系。本项目意义在于可为规整HMX聚集体的构筑提供系统解决方案，研究结果预期能促进从晶体聚集结构层面深入理解炸药的冲击波感度性能，有助于拓展单质炸药降感的技术途径。

Due to the high demand for low-sensitive high explosives in the military field, the high shock-wave sensitivity of Octogen (HMX) could not meet the basic requirement of safety/performance compatibility. Till now, the research on desensitization of HMX single-compound explosives mainly focuses on its crystal-level characteristics, such as molecular packing structure, defects, morphology, and grain size, little attention was paid to the structure on the crystal aggregate scale. Herein, starting from the design and manipulation of the HMX aggregate structure, this project intends to pre-aggregate β-HMX subunit in an orderly manner via non-crystallographic branching to prepare spherical aggregates with ordered mesostructure, namely β-HMX spherulites. By investigating its growth kinetics and formation mechanism, the understanding and manipulation of the structural characteristics of aggregates, including aggregate geometry, subunit crystal orientation, and grain boundaries, will be addressed. Then, the influence of structural characteristics on their shock-wave sensitivity will be unveiled, such that to establish the structure-property relationship between structural parameters of aggregates and shock-wave sensitivity. This project could contribute a novel solution for the construction of HMX aggregates with well-defined structures. The outcome of this project could promote the crystal aggregate-level understanding of shock-wave sensitivity and expects to contribute new technological development for the desensitization of single-compound high explosives.