强磁场和涡旋场下量子输运现象的研究

相对论重离子碰撞中量子输运现象的研究是中高能核物理领域的热点问题。这些量子输运现象不仅是相对论重离子碰撞实验的重要观测目标，还与探测强相互作用宇称破缺信号、质子自旋难题等重大科学问题密切相关，是相对论重离子碰撞领域国际前沿，具有重要的科学价值。为了深入理解相对论重离子碰撞中局域极化现象，本项目拟从微观、宏观和数值模拟三方面拓展量子输运方程并应用于相对论重离子碰撞中量子输运现象的研究。首先，拟采用Wigner函数框架从第一性原理出发推导出包含自旋动力学和完整相互作用项的量子输运方程。其次，拟求解特定形式下相对论磁流体力学的解析解，计算磁场和其它热力学量随时空的衰减行为及量子效应所带来的修正。计算结果将提供量子输运方程中外电磁场的演化信息。最后，拟利用新型GPU(图形处理器)编程，研发专门用于量子输运方程的数值模拟程序。这三方面的研究有助于解决局域极化效应中的“符号问题”。

Quantum transport phenomena in the relativistic heavy ion collisions are hot topics in high energy nuclear physics. These quantum transport phenomena, which are of important value, provide possible signals in the relativistic heavy ion experiments and are related to several big scientific problems, such as the detecting the signals of parity violation in the strong interaction and the proton spin problem. In order to understand the local spin polarization effects in the relativistic heavy ion collisions, we propose to investigate these phenomena from microscopic and macroscopic theories and numerical simulations. We will derive the quantum transport equations and implement it to investigate these quantum phenomena in relativistic heavy ion collisions. First, we plan to apply the Wigner function to derive the quantum transport equations including spin dynamics and complete interaction terms from the first principle. Secondly, we will compute the analytic solutions of relativistic magnetohydrodynamcis in special configurations and calculate the space and time evolution of the magnetic fields and other thermodynamic quantities with quantum corrections. The evolution of external magnetic fields in quantum transport equations can be given by these analytic solutions. Thirdly, we plan to develop a new numerical framework based on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) programming to simulate the quantum transport equations. These three studies will be great helpful to solve the “sign problem” in local spin polarization..