TGF-β2诱导高度近视眼小梁网重塑导致白内障术后早期眼压升高的机制研究

高度近视白内障是一种高致盲风险的复杂白内障，容易出现白内障术后早期眼压升高的并发症，但具体机制仍然未知。我们前期研究发现，小梁网狭窄是高度近视白内障术后早期眼压升高的解剖学因素，诱导小梁网重塑的关键因子TGF-β2在高度近视眼中高表达并与术后早期眼压升高密切相关。于是我们推测：高度近视眼前节组织高表达的TGF-β2诱导小梁网重塑，从而导致房水流出通道狭窄，使其在白内障术后早期出现眼压升高。因此本项目拟首先在人群层面明确高度近视眼房水中TGF-β2浓度、小梁网结构和白内障术后早期眼压升高三者的相关性。然后进一步从细胞层面培养TGF-β2处理的小梁网细胞、动物层面构建小鼠离焦高度近视模型并行晶状体囊外摘除术，以研究高度近视眼中TGF-β2调节小梁网细胞凋亡、上皮间叶转化、细胞外基质分泌的具体过程，及其对术后眼压的影响。旨在阐明高度近视眼白内障术后早期眼压升高的具体机制，为其防治奠定重要基础。

Highly myopic cataract is a type of complicated cataract with high risk of blindness. The early intraocular pressure spike after cataract surgery is common in highly myopic cataract eyes, which mechanism is still unknown. Based on our previous studies, we found that the trabecular meshwork stenosis is its anatomical factor. TGF-β2 (transforming growth factor-beta2), a key factor inducing trabecular meshwork remodeling, is highly expressed in highly myopic eyes and is closely related to the postoperative intraocular pressure spike. Therefore, we speculated that the highly expressed TGF-β2 in the anterior segment tissue of highly myopic eyes induces the trabecular meshwork remodeling, which leads to the narrowing of the aqueous humor outflow facility, resulted in the postoperative intraocular pressure spike. Thus, this project intends to clarify the correlations among the concentration of TGF-β2 in aqueous fluid, structure of trabecular meshwork and postoperative intraocular pressure spike in highly myopic cataract patients firstly. Then, we further cultivate the TGF-β2 treated trabecular meshwork cells, and establish the animal model of experimental high myopia with performed extracapsular lens extraction to investigate the process of TGF-β2 regulating trabecular meshwork cell apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix secretion in highly myopic eyes, and its impact on postoperative intraocular pressure. We aim to clarify the mechanism of the early intraocular pressure spike after cataract surgery in highly myopic cataract eyes, which lays an important groundwork for its prevention and treatment.