冬季黑潮延伸体海洋锋对东亚气温的影响及其机制研究

黑潮延伸体海洋锋（KEF）是北太平洋中纬度最显著的中尺度海温特征之一，对大气有着强烈的影响，能够导致大尺度环流异常的出现，对邻近东亚地区的气候有重要影响。但由于KEF空间尺度较小，这不仅限制了对KEF精细结构的认识，也使得对KEF影响东亚气候的过程和机理了解不足。本项目以此为切入点，以冬季KEF对东亚气温的影响特征为研究对象，拟采用高分辨率资料分析和数值试验相结合的方法，揭示冬季内不同月份KEF强度和位置与东亚气温间的关系，阐明KEF通过改变大尺度环流影响东亚气温的物理过程，分析大气瞬变涡旋反馈在该过程中所起的作用，探讨冬季KEF影响东亚气温的动力学机制。通过本项目的研究，有望深化对东亚冬季气温可预报性的理解，为改进该地区气温的预报技巧提供重要参考。

The Kuroshio Extension front (KEF) is one of the most pronounced mesoscale sea surface temperature features over the mid-latitude North Pacific, which has a vigorous impact on the atmosphere and can lead to the occurrence of large-scale atmospheric circulation anomalies, thus exerting an important influence on climate over the adjacent East Asia. However, the small spatial scale of KEF not only hinders the knowledge about its fine structure, but also limits the understanding of the processes and mechanisms through which the KEF affects the East Asian climate. The project takes this as the starting point and focuses on the effects of KEF on the East Asian surface air temperature in winter. By combining the high-resolution data analyses and numerical experiments, the relationships of KEF intensity and position with the East Asian surface air temperature in different months during wintertime will be revealed. The physical processes through which the KEF affects the East Asian surface air temperature by modifying the large-scale atmospheric circulation will be clarified. The role of atmospheric transient eddy feedback in these processes will be analyzed. The dynamic mechanisms about the impacts of KEF on East Asian surface air temperature will be discussed. Through the project research, it will deepen the understanding about the predictability of winter surface air temperature over East Asia and provide an important reference for improving the forecasting skills of surface air temperature over this region.