应急物资保障体系设计理论及其政策研究——基于全灾种全过程应急管理视角

近年来，各类突发事件在我国频发、多发。因此，同时应对多种灾害将成为应急管理工作的主要形式。应急物资是支撑应急管理工作的基础性资源。而制定应急管理政策是强化应急物资保障体系建设的重要手段。 本项目以多灾种应急物资管理过程为研究对象，以构建全灾种应急物资保障体系为目标，以应急物资保障政策制定为立足点，研究多灾种应急管理不同阶段的物资需求特点与规律；从多阶段、多维度、多层次、多主体角度出发建立应急物资保障体系的逻辑模型；建立基于"事前静态、事中动态、事后综合"的全生命周期应急物资保障能力评估模型；以"新的国家安全观"、"大动员"、"军民融合"为主要指导原则，以区域应急物资协调保障机制研究为基础，提出优化设计面向全灾种、全过程、多维度、多层次、多主体的应急物资保障体系的理论和方法；针对各级各部门提出应急物资保障政策。为我国最终建立全灾种、全过程、全社会综合应急管理体系提供建议。

In recent years, different kinds of emergencies frequently happened in China. Therefore, it has been the focal point of emergency management to response more than one disaster. And emergency materials are the basic source to support emergency management. Emergency management policies are important methods to building emergency material support system. Firstly, the project will explore the rules and characteristics of materials demand in different phases of emergency management under multi-disasters in which takes emergency management process in various kinds of disasters as research subject, building the multi-disasters materials support system as research target and the support policies as the research key point. Secondly, the logical model of emergency materials support system will be established as well as its components and structure will be stated from the perspective of multi-phase, multi-fields,multi-level and multi-agent. Thirdly, researchers will establish life cycle assessment of emergency materials support capability, which is based on the thoughts of 'beforehand-static, in-the-matter-dynamic, afterwards-comprehensive'. Fourthly,the optimization theories and methods for emergency materials support system faced with multi-disaster, multi-level, multi-agent and overall process will be presented on based of the thoughts of 'the new national security concept', 'giant mobilization' and 'military and civilian integration', as well as the research on regional coordination and protection mechanism. Finally, some specific implementation policies will be proposed after analyzing the typical cases, which can indeed contribute to the construction of comprehensive emergency management system from the perspective of entire process, society and types of disasters.