间隙非金属原子调控二氧化钌纳米材料用于酸性电解水性能研究

酸性电解水是制备清洁高效的氢能并实现能源转型的有效途径，而高效稳定的电催化材料的设计和开发却成了制约其规模化应用的瓶颈。本项目拟在二氧化钌（RuO2）纳米材料间隙中引入非金属原子，从而实现高效酸性电解水制氢的目的。核心思路是：将制备的Ru基纳米材料分散于非金属载体上，然后利用热处理时组分的挥发产生大量的自由空间，为载体的快速渗透和扩散提供通道，将非金属原子固定在RuO2间隙中，研究间隙非金属原子对RuO2纳米材料酸性电解水性能的影响。用原位X射线吸收光谱监测催化过程中材料结构的动态变化，理解RuO2纳米材料在酸性电解水中的催化机制。利用理论计算模拟催化过程中的反应能垒和动力学过程，研究间隙非金属原子对RuO2微观结构的影响及其催化机理。本项目通过在RuO2纳米材料间隙中引入非金属原子的研究，解决Ru基材料酸性电解水活性和稳定性难以兼顾的问题，为新能源材料的设计和研发提供新的视角和思路。

Acidic electrochemical water splitting is an effective way to produce clean hydrogen energy and to realize energy transition. However, the design and development of efficient and stable electrocatalytic materials has become a bottleneck restricting its large-scale application. This project intends to introduce non-metal atoms into the gap of ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) nanomaterials to achieve efficient acidic electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen. The core idea is to disperse the prepared Ru-based nanomaterials on a non-metal carrier, and then a large amount of free space is generated due to the volatilization of element, which provides a channel for the rapid penetration and diffusion of the carrier to fix non-metal atoms in the RuO2 gap. The effect of the existence of interstitial non-metal atoms on the acidic electrochemical water splitting performance of RuO2 nanomaterials would be then investigated. In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy is used to monitor the dynamic evolution of materials structure in the catalytic process, and to understand the catalytic mechanism of RuO2 nanomaterials in acidic water splitting. Theoretical calculation is used to simulate the reaction energy barrier and kinetic process in the catalytic process, elucidating the effect of interstitial non-metal atoms on the microstructure of RuO2 and the catalytic mechanism. This project solves the problem that it is difficult to balance the activity and stability of Ru-based materials in acidic electrochemical water splitting through the research of introducing non-metal atoms into the gaps of RuO2 nanomaterials, and provides new perspectives and ideas for the design and development of new energy materials.