非平衡自驱动与剪切体系内在关联的研究

以往关于活性物质的研究主要聚焦于探索其新奇的自组织现象，与这些研究的关注点不同，本项目把活性物质的自驱动视为迫使体系运动的驱动力，通过计算机模拟和理论分析，全面、深入地探讨自驱动体系与剪切体系（另一种被广泛研究的非平衡体系）之间的潜在关联。基于以往的研究已经建立起来的对剪切体系的认识，本项目将从三个方面开展对两个体系的比较：（1）非晶固体对准静态自驱动（剪切）的响应，（2）自驱动（剪切）流动态的流变和统计特性，以及（3）自驱动（剪切）固化。为了项目的开展，我们发展了实现准静态自驱动的新的模型方法，并且通过先期预研检验了项目的可行性。自驱动和剪切是两种截然不同的力的加载方式，探讨两者之间的关联并且尝试建立两者之间定量或半定量的关系，对于非平衡态理论的发展将起到重要的推动作用。

Previous studies of active matter have been mainly focused on the finding of novel self-organization phenomena. Different from those studies, in this project, we treat self-propulsion of active matter as the force to drive the system to move and plan to systematically and thoroughly investigate the underlying correlations between self-propelled systems and sheared systems (another type of widely studied nonequilibrium systems), via computer simulation and theoretical analysis. Based on the knowledge of sheared systems established in previous studies, this project will compare self-propelled systems with sheared systems in three aspects: (1) response of noncrystalline solids to quasistatic self-propulsion (shear), (2) rheological and statistical properties of self-propulsion (shear) flows, and (3) self-propulsion (shear) induced solidification. In order to conduct the project, we have developed a new model to realize quasistatic self-propulsion and verified its feasibility through pilot studies. Self-propulsion and shear are two entirely different ways of loading. Therefore, to explore the underlying correlations between them and establish their quantitative or semi-quantitative connections will significantly propel the development of the theories of nonequilibrium systems.