蔬菜毯苗培育方法与高效低损栽植机理及其机构研究

蔬菜自动化移栽是我国种植业的薄弱环节，穴盘苗自动移栽方式受取苗技术与支撑系统的制约发展缓慢。比较而言，毯苗移栽配套系统成熟、高效，基于前期对蔬菜成毯性育苗移栽方法的验证，项目开展蔬菜毯状苗培育方法与高效低损栽植机理研究。.项目以西兰花为对象，研究幼苗健壮性、成毯性与宜机性之间关系，建立多因素分层次育苗质量评价方法，综合优选育苗条件，形成宜机化的蔬菜毯苗培育方法；针对西兰花毯苗提出切块取苗-扎穴投苗移栽方式，结合移栽机构发展趋势开展复合功能型轮系式机构设计方法研究，通过复铰杆组解域分析与齿轮传动优化实现给定位姿域的复合功能型轮系机构设计；根据高效低损移栽要求确定机构运动目标，研制切块取苗-扎穴投苗功能型毯苗移栽机构。.项目将农艺与农机有机融合，在宜机化毯苗培育方法与高效移栽机构设计方法上具有重要的科学价值；复合功能型轮系式毯苗移栽机构能直接支持蔬菜高效移栽装备的研发，具有重大应用价值。

Automatic vegetable transplanting is a weak link in China's planting industry. The method of automatic transplantation of pot seedlings is restricted by the seedlings picking technology and the support system. Comparatively, blanket seedling transplanting supporting system is mature and efficient. Based on the previous verification of vegetable blanket seedling transplanting method, the project carried out the research on vegetable blanket seedling cultivation method and the planting mechanism of high efficiency and low damage..The project took broccoli as an object to research the relationship between seedling robustness, blanket formation and suitability for machine, established a multi-factor hierarchical evaluation method for seedling quality, comprehensively optimized seedling growing conditions, and formed an appropriate method for vegetable blanket seedling cultivation. According to the method of seedling cutting to separate and pushing into holes, combined with the development trend of transplanting mechanism, the design method of multiple functional gear train mechanism was studied, through the analysis of the solution domain of compound hinge rod group and the optimization of gear transmission, the design of multiple function gear train mechanism is realized. According to the high efficiency and low damage transplanting requirements to determine the movement of the mechanism, developed an efficient blanket seedling transplanting mechanism with cutting to separate and pushing seedlings into holes function. .The project integrates agronomy with agricultural machinery, which has important scientific value in the cultivation method of suitable plantlet and the design method of efficient transplanting mechanism. The multiple function gear train blanket seedling transplanting mechanism can directly support the research and development of vegetable transplanting equipment with high efficiency, which has great application value.