处理页岩气开采返排水的好氧颗粒污泥降解芳烃的特性及微生物机制

页岩气开发是国家重大能源战略，返排水处理是行业发展的迫切需求。耐盐、抗毒、抗冲击是返排水生物处理要克服的技术瓶颈。好氧颗粒污泥技术极具潜力，申请者已经在返排水中实现了好氧颗粒化和COD去除。但该技术对芳烃等高风险物质的控制效果和生物机制、返排水中（深地）微生物的群落特征、环境互作及其对芳烃的转化等科学问题尚不清楚。在好氧颗粒污泥成功处理返排水的实验基础上，研究该系统中微生物群落结构与空间分布、芳烃生物降解特性和机制、杀菌剂影响、深地微生物群落与作用等；揭示返排水微生物群落、深地微生物环境响应和厌氧降解芳烃等的特性；掌握毒性有机物和高盐胁迫和深地微生物参与下，好氧颗粒污泥对芳烃的转化特性和杀菌剂的影响，认识好氧颗粒污泥微生态环境与微生物学特性，阐明芳烃在其中的转化过程和微生物机制。研究为返排水生物处理技术开发与优化提供理论支撑，为揭示芳烃厌氧生物降解机制、认识深地微生物及其潜在应用提供积累。

In China, Shale gas development is a major national energy strategy. However, the treatment of flowback water from hydraulic fracturing in shale gas development has become a great environmental challenge. Tolerance to salinity, toxicity and shock is bottleneck need to overcome in flowback water biological treatment. Successful aerobic granulation and COD removal from flowback water achieved by our team, demonstrating great potential of AGS in treating flowback water. However, some significant scientific issues need to be revealed, including microbiological mechanisms of biodegradation of typical persistent organic compounds in flowback water, such as aromatics, and microbiological community and their interactions with the environments of deep formation microorganisms existing in flowback water. Based on our previous work on successful removal of organic pollutants in flowback water using aerobic granular sludge process , this proposed project will carry out further research on the structure and distribution of microbial community, the biodegradation mechanisms of aromatics and the effect of biocides, and the evolution and role of deep formation microorganisms. Purpose of these researches including (1) revealing the microbiological community in flowback water and the evolution of deep formation microorganisms in artificial environments and their potential role in anaerobic biodegradation of aromatics and the possible mechanisms; (2) understanding the properties of and the effect of biocides on the biodegradation of aromatics in aerobic granular sludge system running under the combining oppression of toxic complex organics and high salinity and the participation of deep formation microorganisms; (3) discovering the microenvironment and microbiological community in the aerobic granular sludge treating flowback water, and finally recognizing the properties and the microbiological mechanisms of the biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons by the aerobic granular sludge. These researches will provide theoretical support and technical reference for the development and optimization of biological treatment process treating flowback water, as well as knowledge on the potential application of deep formation microorganisms in treating complex organic pollutants, which has obvious scientific significance and application value.