微塑料胁迫下污泥厌氧消化过程中抗生素抗性组的时空分布特征及影响机制

因具有较强的抗生素、重金属及病原菌吸附能力，微塑料被认为是水体及土壤中抗生素抗性的传播载体。城市污泥是微塑料、抗生素、抗生素抗性基因及抗生素抗性菌的重要储存库。在污泥的厌氧消化过程中，共存的微塑料可能对抗生素抗性基因的变化具有重要影响，但影响效果及机制尚不清楚。针对城市污泥厌氧消化过程，本项目拟采用批次实验系统研究不同微塑料及抗生素对中高温厌氧消化及微生物群落结构的影响规律。同时，以典型微塑料及抗生素为代表，在不同消化温度、不同胁迫水平和不同工艺参数条件下，分别探究微塑料单一胁迫及微塑料-抗生素联合胁迫对厌氧消化性能的长期影响，并结合宏基因组及宏转录组技术解析各胁迫下抗生素抗性组及微生物组的时空分布特征，揭示微塑料胁迫下厌氧消化过程中影响抗生素抗性组时空分布的关键因素及机制，为城市污泥抗生素抗性基因的削减工艺研发及调控提供理论基础。

Microplastics have been considered as the vectors for transmission of antibiotic resistance in water and soil, due to their strong adsorption capacity of antibiotics, heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria. Municipal sludge is an important reservoir for microplastics, antibiotics, antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistant bacteria. Therefore, microplastics may affect the change of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic digestion of municipal sludge, but the effect and mechanisms are still unclear. In this project, the effect of different microplastics and antibiotics on mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion and microbial community will be systematically studied by batch tests. Further, taking typical microplastics and antibiotics as representatives, the long-term effect of single microplastic and mixed microplastic-antibiotic on anaerobic digestion will be explored under different temperatures, stress levels and process parameters, respectively. Meanwhile, the spatial and temporal distribution of resistome and microbiome under each condition will be investigated by combining metagenomic and metatranscriptome methods. Then, the key factors and mechanisms that drive the change of antibiotic resistome during anaerobic digestion under microplastics stress will be revealed. The achievements of the project will provide a theoretical basis for the process development and control of antibiotic resistance gene reduction in municipal sludge.