光照提高贵州木霉产孢效率和孢子抗逆性的方法和机制研究

根际微生物木霉菌在促进植物生长，抵抗土传病和改良土壤方面效果明显，推广木霉菌菌肥是解决目前一系列土壤问题的重要途径。然而，木霉菌产孢效率低和孢子抗逆性差，致使木霉菌菌肥生产成本高，货架期短，是阻碍木霉菌有机肥工业化的技术瓶颈。光照作为最重要的环境信号之一，可以促进真菌孢子生成并提高孢子抗逆性。真菌通过红光受体、蓝光受体和绿光受体感受光照，激活细胞内信号传导通路。目前，用于木霉菌生物有机肥生产的贵州木霉感光机制还未被研究。该项目将系统研究提高贵州木霉产孢效率和孢子抗逆性的最佳光照条件，并揭示其背后的分子机制。该项目有望通过控制光照条件这一简单经济的方法，解决木霉菌菌肥产业化中产孢效率低和孢子抗逆性差的技术瓶颈，促进木霉菌生物有机肥的推广应用。

Rhizosphere microorganisms, Trichoderma, can promote plant growth, resist soilborne diseases and improve soil conditions dramatically and therefore population and application of Trichoderma bio-organic fertilizer is an effective way to solve a series of soil problems nowadays. However, the low efficiency of conidia production of Trichoderma in industrial production and the low resistance of conidia to stresses lead to high cost and short shelf life of Trichoderma bio-organic fertilizer, which is the bottleneck of industrialization. Light, as one of the most important environmental cues, can effectively stimulate the formation of conidia and meanwhile improves the resistance of conidia to stresses. Fungi perceive light with red-, blue- and green-light receptors to activate signal transduction pathway. Up to now, light sensing in Trichoderma guizhouense used for bio-organic fertilizer production has not been studied yet. In this project, we will investigate the optimal light condition which stimulating conidia formation and resistance improvement of conidia in Trichoderma guizhouense systematically and in the meantime elucidate the mechanism of light sensing in this fungus. Our study is likely to break through the bottleneck aforementioned with a convenient and economic way by controlling light condition and hence paves the way for popularization and application of Trichoderma bio-organic fertilizer promisingly.