我国不同水系赤眼鳟种群遗传变异及适应性进化研究

赤眼鳟广泛分布于我国不同纬度的淡水流域，是我国江河主要优质经济鱼类之一。在过度捕捞、水污染等人类活动的影响下，我国赤眼鳟资源大幅减少，并已呈现明显的低龄化、小型化趋势。赤眼鳟种群的空间分布及其动态变化在很大程度上受水系演变及环境变化的影响，不同时间尺度上形成的地理屏障都会限制种群间的基因交流，进而影响其遗传多样性分布格局。查明赤眼鳟的种群遗传结构，探究其分布扩散与环境变化相互作用的演化机制，是制定有效保护和合理利用赤眼鳟生物资源策略的重要理论基础。本项目拟采用基因组从头测序结合基因组重测序的方法对我国不同水系赤眼鳟进行种群基因组学研究，精确解析我国不同水系赤眼鳟的种群遗传结构，揭示其适应性演化机制，相关研究结果将为我国赤眼鳟渔业资源的科学管理及可持续利用提供重要的科学依据，在认识我国淡水鱼类的物种形成和区系特征方面亦具有重要意义。

Squaliobarbus curriculus is widely distributed in freshwater lakes and rivers at different latitudes in China, with fishery and also biodiversity importance. In recent years, the resource of S. curriculus has dramatically declined due to anthropogenic activities such as over-exploitation as well as water pollution, and a shift towards maturation at younger age and smaller size has been observed. Distribution patterns as well as range expansions and contractions of S. curriculus can be influenced by dynamic changes in continental water associated with environmental variables, thus both historical and present geographical barriers to gene flow are known to have an impact on the pattern of genetic diversity of S. curriculus. Investigations of genetic structure and adaptive evolutionary mechanism can provide important information for establishing explicit management and conservation measures for this species. By using genome de novo sequencing and resequencing, we plan to perform population genomics analyses on S. curriculus distributed in different river systems in order to clarify the population genetic structure as well as adaptive evolutionary mechanism of S. curriculus in China. These results will be useful for the management and sustainable utilization of this important fish species, and also for understanding the speciation of freshwater fish species and their fauna composition in China.