新型钍团簇的构筑及其溶液化学行为研究

团簇结构的形成会影响锕系元素在环境中的迁移和扩散行为。因此锕系团簇的研究对于放射性污染防治工作具有重要的指导意义。钍是第四代先进核能系统之一钍基熔盐堆核能系统的核燃料，其配位化学的研究近年来备受关注。然而关于钍团簇的研究还相对较少。本项目拟开展新型钍团簇的合成及其溶液化学行为研究。以环境中可能存在的无机物、有机物为配体，通过三种合成策略制备一系列结构新颖的钍团簇，并优化合成条件，筛选最佳的合成方案。在此基础上，通过多种分析表征手段对这些新型钍团簇的理化性质进行表征，并筛选出结构稳定的团簇，利用同步辐射吸收谱技术、小角散射技术、紫外-可见光谱分析、高分辨质谱分析和理论计算模拟等方法研究其溶液化学行为。本项目的完成可以对锕系元素在环境中的存在形式以及迁移、扩散行为有更深入的认识，为我国放射性污染防治工作提供参考。

The formation of cluster structures will affect the migration and diffusion of actinides in the environment. Therefore, the study of actinide clusters is of great significance for the prevention of radioactive pollution. Thorium, serving as the nuclear fuel of one of the fourth-generation advanced nuclear energy systems, i.e. the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor Nuclear Energy System, has attracted much attention in its coordination chemistry in recent years. However, the research on the thorium clusters is still rare. This project will focus on the synthesis of novel thorium clusters and the study of their solution chemistry. We plan to employ inorganic and organic compounds that appear in the environment as ligands to obtain a series of novel thorium clusters via three synthetic strategies. The synthetic scheme will be further optimized in the due course. Various characterizations will be conducted to investigate the physical and chemical properties of these new thorium clusters. The solution behavior of the selected stable species will be investigated by the synchrotron radiation absorption technology, small-angle X-ray scattering, ultraviolet-visible optical spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry and theoretical calculation methods. The completion of this project will develop a deeper understanding of the existence form of actinides in the environment, as well as their migration and diffusion behavior. Our results will also provide the necessary reference for the prevention and control of radioactive pollution.