面向海洋的摩擦纳米发电机及高盐环境固液界面摩擦起电机理研究

有效收集海洋可再生能源（如波浪能、潮流能和潮汐能等）是解决能源危机的有效途径。然而海洋中蕴含大量盐离子，及传统电磁发电机对低频率机械能的收集效率不高和高昂的施工成本等因素，使海洋能源的开发程度不高。本项目研究旨在：1）通过新型摩擦纳米发电机（TENG）技术，将低频率海洋能源转化成电能，并在前期工作基础上制备基于表面多孔耐腐蚀材料的TENG，延长其工作寿命并使其适用于海洋环境；2）完善海洋高盐环境下固液界面摩擦起电机理，完善材料表面多孔结构对摩擦起电的改善机制，建立普适性的固体液体TENG精确理论模型和定量化的分析方法；3）通过减少TENG在海水等导电率较高环境下的击穿，降低其内部能量损耗，提升其有效输出性能。本项目拟通过制备高效率、高输出、耐腐蚀、高稳定性和长寿命的面向海洋的TENG，促进未来海洋可再生能源产业的发展和经济价值的实现，弥补现有技术在低频率机械能收集方面的不足。

The oceans contain huge amounts of renewable energy, thus the efficient collection of marine renewable energy sources (e.g. wave, current and tidal) will be an effective way to solve the energy crisis. However, the ocean environment is corrosive due to high concentration of ions. At the same time, the efficiency of traditional electromagnetic generator to harvest low-frequency mechanical energy is still not high enough, and the large volume and heavy quality of electromagnetic generator will lead to high costs of construction and maintenance. Therefore, the marine renewable energy has not been fully utilized. The content of this project includes: 1) Utilizing triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to convert low frequency mechanical energy, for example the wave energy and other marine energy, into electrical energy, and fabricating a corrosion-resistant TENG with porous structure on its surface, based on the previous work, to extend TENG’s lifetime to make it more suitable for marine environment; 2) Modifying the electrification mechanism of the solid-liquid interface in a high saline condition, understanding the improvement mechanism of the porous structure on the surface, and establishing a universal theoretical model and quantitative analysis method for TENG; 3) Reducing TENG's breakdown in seawater, which has a higher conductivity than pure water, to decrease the energy loss caused by breakdown and improve the TENG’s output performance. This project aims to fabricate TENG with higher efficiency, output performance, corrosion resistance, stability and longer lifetime. The research of this project will promote the development of marine renewable energy industry, realize its economic value in the future and make up the disadvantage of the existing traditional technology in low frequency mechanical energy collection.