新型环境污染物的真空辅助顶空固相微萃取体系研究

新型冠状病毒肺炎使得我们每个人对公共健康都有了更加迫切需求与深刻认识，环境污染作为影响公共健康的重要因素受到前所未有的关注。近年来全球化学品的使用速度呈现爆炸式增长，而气候变化又使得污染物的全方位传播及全球化趋势加重。由于无特定目标物为研究对象，含量极低且所处基质复杂，环境样品预处理及分析检测方法成为新型污染物发现及环境行为研究的关键。本项目通过具有“绿色溶剂”和近似于零蒸气压特性的功能化离子液体的设计与合成，构建系列集采样、萃取、浓缩、进样于一体，样品用量少，环境友好的真空辅助顶空固相微萃取体系，用于萃取、净化和富集复杂环境样品中的痕量新型污染物，结合色谱质谱，以及固相微萃取与敞开式离子化质谱直接联用技术，建立一系列简单、高效、灵敏、可靠、环境友好的污染物分析检测新方法，为新型污染物的发现、环境行为分析、毒理机制与健康效应研究提供分析检测技术支撑，解决环境科学研究中的分析检测技术瓶颈。

The COVID-19 has made all of us on the world have more urgent needs and deep understanding of public health. Environmental pollution as an important factor affecting public health has received considerable attention. With the rapid development of economy and society, the use of new chemicals is increasing explosively (about 12 million new compounds were used every year). Meantime, the global climate change has made the spread and globalization of environmental pollutants more and more serious in recent years. The emerging pollutants not only are composed of new or previously unknown compounds that just recently reported, but also including known compounds for which the environmental contamination issues are not fully understood, as well as contaminants where new information is jostling our understanding of their environmental and human health risk. Due to the variety of pollutants with different physicochemical properties, the presence at trace levels, and the complexity of some environmental samples, the direct analysis of these emerging pollutants in complex samples is very difficult and became the technical bottleneck of environmental research. As one of the most critical steps in environmental analysis, sample pretreatment not only determines the total sample analysis time, but also affects the sensitivity, reproducibility and reliability of the method. The conventional environmental sample pretreatment methods usually associated with long time, tedius steps, and not environment-friendly because consumes large amount of organic solvents. To overcome above mentioned drawbacks, this project aims to construct a series of environment-friendly sample pretreatment methods including vacuum assisted headspace solid phase microextraction (VA HS-SPME), vacuum assisted headspace in-tube solid phase microextraction (VA-HS IT-SPME) with capillary monolithic column, and vacuum assisted headspace thin-film solid phase microextraction (VA-HS TF-SPME). The ionic liquids with properties of “green solvent” as well as low or negligible vapor pressure at room temperature will be designed, synthesized, and used as solvent to keep vacuum of headspace of SPME. Combination with conventional gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and new techniques for direct coupling SPME with high resolution mass spectrometry (such as ambient ionization mass spectrometry or matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry). We hope to develop a series of new analytical methods for rapid, simple, sensitive and environment-friendly determination of trace emerging pollutants in complex environmental samples, and provide analytical methods for the discovery of new pollutants, as well as study their environmental behavior, toxicological mechanism and health effects.