人类世理论的社会文化地理学探索：人地互动、环境治理与社会实验

“人类世”概念是描述全球变化的重要理论工具。人类世理论强调自然生态系统与人文经济系统之间日益深刻的互动，环境的保护和治理必须基于对人类社会的组织模式、运行方式和社会文化体系的理解。自然地理学与人文地理学的交叉研究对于解决这一系列理论问题尤为重要。课题从社会文化地理学出发，以人类世理论为切入点，凝练中国语境下自然、社会和文化互动的机制。社会文化地理学对自然、环境和生态问题的关注，主要集中在两大议题：（1）自上而下的环境治理与本土文化和地方知识之间的互动关系；（2）日常生活层面，如何通过社会实验在社会文化系统中嵌入环境保护的主体性。课题综合运用生态系统分析、遥感、大数据挖掘、定量、定性、参与式行动研究等研究方法，以云南省无量山哀牢山自然保护区和广东省广州-深圳大都市区为案例，探讨城乡不同背景下，环境保护与经济、社会发展之间的互动关系，以及环境保护实践与区域社会文化本底之间的互动关系。

Given that global environmental change and sustainability are among the greatest challenges faced by the human society, there is an urgent need among academics for a theoretical tool that explains holistic environmental transformations driven by human activities and interventions. The concept of Anthropocene is precisely a theoretical and conceptual toolkit that is suited to this task. The concept not only refers to a geological epoch. Theories of Anthropocene emphasise that it is increasingly unrealistic to speak of a pristine nature devoid of human intervention and activities, and to maintain clear boundaries between natural organisms and human processes is not the best practice for environmental protection. The Anthropocene theories, instead, start from the entangled and deepening interactions and interdependencies between the natural-ecological system and the socio-economic system. In this sense, successful undertaking of environmental conservation and governance must be built on the basis of adequate understanding of the organizational patterns, operational logics and socio-cultural systems of the human society. To fulfil this theoretical task, the cross-disciplinary integration between human geography and physical geography is particularly necessary and urgent. Based on the lens of Anthropocene, this project is situated in the area of social and cultural geography and attempts to develop a theoretical understanding of possible routes to harmonious human-nature interactions in the Chinese context. As per now, there are two major themes in Anthropocene research in social and cultural geography: (1) the relationship between top-down environmental governance and discourses and the bottom-up knowledge and practices of native communities; and (2) at the level of everyday life, how to cultivate eco-subjectivity and eco-citizenship through social experiments implemented jointly by the state, non-governmental organisations and the general public. Based on these two themes, this project develops two cases studies: (1) Wuliang Mountain and Ailao Mountain Natural Reserves in Yunnan Province; and (2) the Guangzhou-Shenzhen Megalopolis in Guangdong Province. It investigates two research questions: what are the relationships between natural conservation and the development imperatives of the human society; and what are the relationships between environmental practices and the social and cultural fabrics at the level of the everyday. It will combine a rich diversity of research methods, including analysis of the ecological system, remote sensing, big data methods, participatory action research, quantitative methods and qualitative methods.