西南晚二叠世煤中有害元素富集的古环境意义与地方病诱因研究

西南地区二叠系乐平统是中国南方的主要煤系地层，但多数煤层中富集砷、硒、汞、氟等有害元素，这些有害元素与成煤植物是否有继承关系？有害元素富集蕴含的古环境信息和古生态意义是什么？含煤地层出露区内农作物中有害元素的含量是否与地方病有地球化学联系？针对此科学问题，本项目基于基于浮沉、吸附解吸等实验，采用电镜、质谱、同位素等分析手段，研究：（1）西南地区晚二叠世煤中砷、硒、汞、氟与成煤植物的联系；（2）西南地区晚二叠世煤中有害元素富集对古环境的指示意义；（3）西南地方病与晚二叠世含煤地层出露区内农作物中有害元素富集的关系。在此基础上，拟构建出有害元素砷、硒、汞、氟在古地层-土壤-植物系统的迁移行为，试图查明地方病与地质环境的关系。研究结果将为西南地区地方病的防治工作提供科学依据。

The Late Permian Lopingian coal in Southwest China is the main coal-bearing strata in South China, but most of the coal seams are enriched with hazardous elements such as arsenic, selenium, mercury and fluorine. Are these hazardous elements inherited from coal forming plants? What information and significance of the paleogeographic environment is contained in the accumulation of hazardous elements? Is there a geochemical relationship between the content of hazardous elements in crops in exposed area of coal-bearing strata and endemic diseases? To solve these scientific problem, this project is based on floating, adsorption and desorption experiments, and uses electron microscopy, mass spectrometry, isotope analysis to study: (1) the relationship between arsenic, selenium, mercury, fluorine and coal-forming plants in the Late Permian coal from Southwest China; (2) the significance of paleoenvironment for the enrichment of hazardous elements in the Late Permian coal from Southwest China; (3) the relationship between endemic diseases in Southwest China and the enrichment of hazardous elements in crops in the exposed area of Late Permian coal-bearing formation. On this basis, the migration behavior of hazardous elements arsenic, selenium, mercury, and fluorine in the ancient strata-soil-plant system will be built, and the relationship of endemic diseases and geological environment will be discovered. The aim of this project is to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of endemic diseases in Southwest China.