非对称收益的再分配偏好差异及其对劳动供给的影响：基于行为与实验经济学研究

中国已实现全面脱贫，在贫困治理转型新形势下，如何巩固和完善脱贫成果，建立解决相对贫困的长效机制是需要重点关注的问题。再分配作为调整非对称收益的主要政策手段，必须要考虑其后向效应，尤其是对未来收益有关键作用的劳动供给。本项目基于结合双重差分法和倾向值匹配法的实验室实验，旨在明确非对称收益下再分配偏好的形成动机，并区分个人与集体再分配偏好差异。在此基础上，从个人与集体劳动供给两个维度，识别非对称收益下再分配实施对劳动供给的影响及其机制。此外，通过田野实验重点捕捉我国农村居民的再分配偏好及其对劳动供给影响的特征和机理。最后，依托不平等厌恶、损失厌恶与利他偏好理论，通过计算机模拟仿真构建理论模型，完善再分配偏好与劳动供给的理论研究。本项目基于实验和理论分析，为我国在相对贫困新形势下激励劳动供给、实现个体内生发展动力的再分配政策提供思路和建议，为实现脱贫地区可持续发展、优化我国经济结构提供政策支撑。

As China has already wiped out absolute poverty, under the new situation of relative poverty, how to consolidate and improve the achievements of poverty alleviation and establish a long-term mechanism to solve the relative poverty is the urgent problem to be solved. It is the time to consider the backward effect of redistribution, as it is the main policy means to adjust asymmetric payoff, especially on the labor supply, which has a decisive effect on future income. Using laboratory experiments combined with difference-in-difference method and propensity score matching method, this project makes the formation motivation of redistribution preference under asymmetric payoff clear, and distinguishes redistribution preference at individual as well as collective level. On this basis, it identifies the impact of redistribution on labor supply under asymmetric payoff from individual to collective level. At the same time, through field experiments this project captures the unique characteristics and mechanism of redistribution preference and its impact on labor supply of China's rural residents. Finally, based on the theory of inequality aversion, loss aversion and altruistic preference, through computer simulation to build a theoretical model it supplements the theoretical research of redistribution preference and labor supply. Based on the experimental and theoretical analysis, this project provides ideas and suggestions on improving labor supply to realize the redistribution policy of individual endogenous development power under the new situation of relative poverty in China, and provides policy support for realizing the sustainable development of poverty-free areas and optimizing China's economic structure.