高效检测和分离水中污染离子的网状超分子材料的合成及性能

开发可简便有效地检测和分离水中污染离子的新方法和新材料具有重要的意义。本项目将比色荧光传感与刺激响应型超分子材料的概念相结合，设计合成多个系列具有不同多足结构且同时含有多重自组装位点、荧光比色信号基团和选择性结合位点的功能化超分子单体分子，用其组装成基于超分子聚合物网络(SPN)或超分子有机框架(SOF)的网状超分子材料。通过研究所得材料识别和分离水样中污染离子的能力，筛选出既能高灵敏高选择性比色荧光检测，又能络合分离水中特定污染离子的功能材料。这些超分子材料可用于方便、快捷、低成本的检测和高效分离污水中的重金属离子和有毒阴离子。本项目将研究这些材料在中西部地区和矿区污染离子检测和处理中的可循环应用性能。另外，本项目还将深入研究所得网状超分子材料的组装和离子识别分离机理及构效关系，为设计和改进具有离子识别和分离性能的超分子功能材料积累经验。因此，本项目具有较好的应用前景和学术研究意义。

The development of new materials for effectively detection and separation of polluting ions from water is very important. This project will introduce the concept of colorimetric and fluorescence sensing into the design of stimuli-response supramolecular materials and synthesis series of functionalized supramolecular monomers which simultaneously containing multi-self-assembly sites, colorimetric and fluorescence signal groups and ions selective binding sites. These functionalized supramolecular monomers can assemble into supramolecular network materials including supramolecular polymer network (SPN) and supramolecular organic framework (SOF). Then, by carefully investigating the ions selective recognition and separation properties of these supramolecular network materials, novel ions detection and separation supramolecular materials can be obtained. These materials possess the properties of colorimetric or fluorescence detection and separation of target polluting ions in water with high selectivity, sensitivity and efficiency. These materials can be used for convenient, quick and low-cost detection and separation of the heavy metal ions and toxic anion in sewage water with nice recyclability. This project will also carefully research the self-assembly mechanism and ions’ selective recognition and separation mechanism as well as structure-activity relationship of these supramolecular network materials. This research will enrich the experiences for the design and synthesis of novel supramolecular network materials. Therefore, this project has good application prospect and academic research significance.