针对海洋环境的水下复合式无线供电关键技术的研究

采用无线电能传输技术（Wireless Power Transfer, WPT）对水下设备进行能量补给可有效提升其续航力和任务执行力，对实现海洋强国具有重要意义。由于海水具有电导性，温度、压力、盐度、海流波动等对WPT磁场和电场的传输性能均造成影响。本项目结合磁场耦合WPT传输效率高和电场耦合WPT抗位置扰动强等优势，提出针对复杂海洋环境的水下复合式无线供电技术。通过系统研究海水温度、压力、盐度等多个环境变量对电场和磁场分布的影响，建立含环境变量的全参数模型和损耗模型，提出面积小、效率高、抗位置扰动强的高性能复合型耦合器；提出满足软开关、无功全补偿、负载无关性、极板电压可控，且具有一定的抗环境变量扰动能力的多目标补偿网络；提出功率调节和全负载范围下的效率最优协调控制方法，实现高效稳定的功率输出。通过以上方面的深入研究，解耦水下环境变量对传输性能的影响，实现高效、安全、可靠的水下无线供电。

The wireless power transfer (WPT) technique is very suitable to charge underwater devices due to its convenience and long duration. Because seawater is conductive, temperature, pressure, salinity, and sea flow will affect the power transfer characteristics of both magnetic field and electric field. Taking full advantage of high transfer efficiency in inductive power transfer (IPT) systems and high position tolerance in capacitive power transfer (CPT) systems, this project will propose a hybrid WPT charging system focusing on seawater operation. Firstly, with the systematical analysis of the effect of seawater temperature, pressure, salinity to both energy field distribution, the precise parameter and loss models will be built and a hybrid coupler can be proposed with the properties of small size, high efficiency and high position tolerance. After that, the multi-objective compensation theory and principle will be proposed to realize soft switching, zero reactive power, load independence and plate voltage stress optimization simultaneously, which can be not sensitive to seawater conditions. Finally, a coordinated control scheme will be proposed to achieve power control and efficiency enhancement throughout the whole charging process. All above technologies will make the hybrid WPT charging system more efficient, safe and reliable to operate in seawater.