中国研究型大学在线教育效果与提升机制研究

2020年爆发的新冠疫情引起了世界各国对在线教育的关注。在线教育效果如何？如何提升在线教育质量？这是回答疫情会否带来全球范围内人力资本损失的重要依据。已有研究存在对研究型大学关注不够、对内生性问题考虑不足、样本缺少代表性、外部有效性存疑等问题。本课题将基于中国研究型大学师生在线教育问卷调查数据、在线“教”与“学”行为大数据、课程评价等行政管理数据，利用疫情作为自然实验，并通过构建工具变量、固定效应模型等因果推断方法，从效果、异质性和作用机制三个方面对面授与在线教育、同步与异步在线教育进行比较。本研究旨在应对传统在线教育理论在解释研究型大学、精英学生、学历教育、同步直播等方面的挑战，结合“教”与“学”两个维度丰富在线教育效果评价及作用机制的理论内涵，提出促进在线教育效果的政策方案。该研究对于以在线教育为抓手建立高质量教育体系以及中国在世界高等教育竞争中“弯道超车”等战略目标具有重要意义。

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 triggered global concern about online education. How effective was the online education? How to improve online education in the future? It is fundamental to answer these questions to respond whether the epidemic will bring about global human capital loss. However, there is a lack of solid evidence because the existing studies do not pay enough attention to research-intensive universities, have endogenous issues, lack of representative samples and external effectiveness. Based on the questionnaire survey of teachers and students, Big Data of online "teaching" and "learning" behavior, curriculum evaluation and other administrative data in Chinese research universities, this project will use the natural experiment of COVID-19 epidemic, construct instrumental variables, fixed effect models and other causal inference methods, and compare the effects of face-to-face teaching with online education, synchronous with asynchronous online education. This study aims to deal with the challenge of traditional online education theories in explaining research-intensive universities, elite students, synchronous live broadcast, etc., and enrich the theoretical system of online education in effectiveness evaluation and mechanism analysis by combining the two dimensions of "teaching" with "learning", and furthermore put up with feasible policy recommendations to promote the effect of online education. This research is of great significance for online education to play a positive role in the establishment of high-quality higher education system and the realization of China's strategic goal of "overtaking" in the fierce international competition of higher education.