薹草属细柄薹草组（莎草科）的系统分类研究

薹草属Carex是被子植物的大属，全世界1960~2000种。中国有520余种，分布广泛，生境多样，该属的分类历来被认为是一大难题。随着深入的调查采集和植物志编撰，薹草属的分类学和系统学研究均取得了较大进展，但在种的划分、属内组的界定等方面仍存在问题和严重分歧，反映出以往对薹草属分类研究方法单一，对多学科综合评价和分析系统分类问题的认识不足。.本研究坚持居群概念，对主产东亚的细柄薹草组sect. Graciles植物进行广泛深入的野外调查和标本采集，馆藏标本的全面查阅和观测，用统计学方法分析种间及种内居群间的形态变异，探讨和评价形态性状（包括宏观形态，叶表皮和解剖结构、果囊及小坚果的微形态）的变异式样及其系统分类学意义，结合转录组数据，揭示本组的系统发育关系、进化起源中心和分化时间，并进行全面系统分类研究。本项目既为Carex系统分类研究提供借鉴，也培养植经典分类和系统进化研究的后备人才。

Cyperaceae, a monocot family in the order Poales, contains 106 genera and ca. 5400 species worldwide, with closest relatives, Juncaceae and Thurniaceae. With the amount of 1960 to 2000 species, Carex L. is the largest genus in the family Cyperaceae. The genus has traditionally been divided into four subgenera: subg. Vigneastra (Tuck.) Kük., subg. Vignea (B. Beauv. ex Lestib.) Peterm., subg. Psyllophora (Degl.) Peterm., and subg. Carex. More recently, these subgenera are known to be largely polyphyletic or paraphyletic, with the notable exception of subg. Vignea. The genus Carex itself, however, is cosmopolitan and easily distinguished from the other genera of Cyperaceae based on the combination of unisexual flowers and achenes enveloped in perigynia..With a number of species and a large dispersal region, and limited specimens, the taxonomic revision and floristic studies on Carex are notorious and considered as one of the difficult problems in angiosperm. During the preparation of the regional florae, the investigation and taxonomy of Carex were fairly in-depth in the recent 40 years, but a lot of divergences and problems in species delimitation, generic subdivision, and geographical distribution etc. are still awaiting to solve. All these problems indicate that the cognition of morphological characters and its systematic significance are far from a satisfactory status..Based on field work, population sampling, specimen examination of the main herbaria both at home and abroad, this project will use statistical analysis and analyze the variation of the morphological characters, which are used to identify the species in Carex sect. Graciles. We will also evaluate the taxonomic significance/value of these characters, including micormorphology of nutlets, perigynia, anatomy and epidermal characters of leaves, conduct phylogenetic analysis of transcriptomic data on all sectional species, as well as some problematic species (Carex brunnea and C. gentilis) with their allies, and make a full-scale revision of Carex sect. Graciles, as well as delimitate this section and similar ones. It can accelerate the taxonomic revision, systematics, origin, dispersal and the floristic studies of the whole genus Carex. The project will benefit for cultivating reserve talents of phytotaxonomy.