芸薹属蔬菜作物绿体春化的分子遗传机制解析

芸薹属作物包含白菜和甘蓝等重要的蔬菜作物。两年生的芸薹属蔬菜需要经历低温春化才能开花。在芸薹属作物中，白菜、芥菜，甘蓝型油菜等均为种子春化，而甘蓝则为绿体春化。阐明甘蓝的绿体春化遗传机制和分子机制对于有针对性的改良芸薹属作物抽薹特性具有重要价值。本项目通过甘蓝和白菜杂交合成异源四倍体材料，从一个F3后代中获得了绿体春化和种子春化分离的独特材料。在此基础上项目拟进行绿体春化和种子春化F4单株的比较测序，确定两种不同单株A和C基因组之间的同源重组片段；构建F2分离群体，进行绿体春化的遗传规律分析及基因的遗传定位；使用不同春化特性的合成异源四倍体材料，对不同年龄阶段和春化过程进行基因和miRNA表达分析，阐明年龄路径和春化路径关键基因表达调控规律，并通过target mimicry技术确定miR156和miR172在绿体春化中的功能。本研究将为阐明芸薹属绿体春化的分子遗传机制提供重要依据。

Brassica family includes important vegetable crops, such as Chinese cabbage and cabbage. Within Brassica family, B. rapa, B. juncea, B. napus are seed-vernalization crops, while B. oleracea is plant-vernalization one. This project aims to dissect the mechanisms controlling age-dependent vernalization response in Brassica family. We have generated allotetraploid from crossing between Chinese cabbage and cabbage. The F4 progenies from one F3 showed segregation on age-dependent vernalization. The genetics of age-dependent vernalization response will be analyzed by re-sequencing two types individuals and BSA-seq for an F2 segregation population by crossing the two types F4 progenies. In addition, the expression levels of candidate genes and miRNA involved in age and vernalization pathways will be analyzed during the growth and cold treatment procedure of allotetraploid plants. Regulation by miR156 and miR172 in age-dependent vernalization will also be analyzed using target mimicry. The results from this project will provide information for the molecular genetic mechanisms of plant vernalization in Brassica