复杂有色金属资源高效浮选分离界面调控机理及靶向药剂分子设计

复杂有色金属硫化矿浮选分离是一个多相界面过程，对界面精确调控与靶向药剂开发是实现资源高效清洁回收的关键。项目根据硫化矿物半导体特性和表面d轨道伸展性，借助配位化学、晶体化学、表面化学、固体物理等多学科理论，结合量子化学/分子动力学模拟以及AFM、XPS等先进实验表征，研究矿物表面半约束环境中金属离子的轨道伸展性和成键特性，构建浮选药剂靶向作用模型；考察固液界面捕收剂分子的物理组装和化学组装对疏水性的影响，为复杂多金属硫化矿强化捕收提供指导；揭示硫化矿物颗粒固固界面接触势垒对药剂吸附的影响规律，为复杂多金属矿伽伐尼效应的物理阻断和化学屏蔽提供理论依据。在以上研究的基础上，根据表面金属离子半约束模型和多相界面作用模型开发靶向浮选药剂和复杂多金属浮选界面调控技术，为广西丹池千亿复杂有色金属资源清洁高效利用提供关键核心技术。项目研究成果对复杂多金属资源高效开发利用具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

The flotation separation of complicated nonferrous sulfide ore is a multi-phase interface process. The precise regulation of the interface and the development of targeted reagents are the key to achieve efficient and clean recovery of resources. According to the semiconductor characteristics and surface d-orbital extensibility of sulfide minerals, with the help of multidisciplinary theories of coordination chemistry, crystal chemistry, surface chemistry, solid physics, etc., combined with quantum chemistry/molecular dynamics simulation and advanced experimental characterization methods such as AFM, XPS, etc., this project will study the orbital extensibility and bonding characteristics of metal ions in a semi-constrained environment of the mineral surface to construct the targeting action model of flotation reagents, and explore the effect of the physical and chemical assembly of collector molecules at the solid-liquid interface on the hydrophobicity to provide guidance for the enhanced collection of complicated polymetallic ores, and reveal the influence of the contact barrier of solid-solid interface of sulfide mineral particles on the adsorption of reagents to provide theoretical basis for the physical and chemical galvanic blocking of complicated polymetallic ores. On the basis of the above research, based on the surface metal ion semi-constrained model and multi-phase interface interaction model, the target flotation reagents and the complicated multi-metal flotation interface control technology will be developed, which will provide key core technologies for the clean and efficient utilization of 100 billion complicated non-ferrous metal resources in Danchi, Guangxi province. The research results of the project have important theoretical and practical value for the efficient development and utilization of complicated polymetallic resources.