基于根尖单细胞测序研究生菜吸收转运PFOA的细胞与分子机理

筛选污染物低积累作物是保障农产品安全的重要策略，以往主要针对重金属低累积作物进行研究，但对新兴有机污染物低累积品种形成机理尤其是其分子机理的研究还十分薄弱。申请人研究团队前期针对典型新兴有机污染物全氟辛酸（PFOA）筛选获得PFOA高/低累积生菜品种，并阐明其生理生化机制，但对生菜吸收积累PFOA的分子机制尚未明确。本项目拟采用根尖单细胞全长转录组测序及分析技术补充完善生菜参考基因集，在此基础上进行细胞分群、发育轨迹、细胞相互作用等分析对PFOA高/低累积生菜品种的根尖组织进行精细解析，绘制生菜根尖PFOA吸收累积差异的特异响应细胞图谱和分子图谱，并建立基因编辑等功能基因验证方法评价和证实生菜不同品种PFOA吸收差异的细胞和分子机理，为有机污染低积累品种选育和遗传改良提供科学依据。

Screening crops with low accumulation of pollutants is an important strategy to ensure the safety of agricultural products. In the past, researchers mainly focused on crops with low accumulation of heavy metals, but research on emerging varieties with low accumulation of organic pollutants, especially their molecular formation mechanism, are still very lacking. The project applicant's research team has previously selected the typical emerging organic pollutant perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and obtained the lettuce varieties with high/low PFOA accumulation and clarified its physiological and biochemical mechanisms. However, the molecular mechanism of PFOA absorption and accumulation in lettuce has not yet been clarified. This project intends to adopt root single-cell full-length transcriptome sequencing and analysis technology to complement lettuce reference gene sets, based on this, we can get the cell clustering, analysis the cell development trajectory and analysis cell interaction. Then we can analysis PFOA high/low accumulation lettuce varieties root tip tissues in detail, construction of a cell and molecular landscape at single-cell level for PFOA high/low cumulative lettuce root tissues, and we plan to establish a gene editing method for genetic evaluation and validation the cellular and molecular mechanism of different varieties of lettuce PFOA absorption. This project will provide a scientific basis for variety breeding and genetic improvement of low organic pollution accumulation.