高密度小网笼结构纳米纤维棉的构建及其阻热机制研究

现有服用纤维保暖材料普遍存在保暖性差、重量大的问题，易导致人们穿着臃肿且行动不便，难以满足轻质保暖防寒服领域的迫切需求。本项目拟研究网笼结构纳米纤维棉的成型及结构调控规律，阐明纤维棉网笼结构的阻热特性优化机制，获得轻质、低导热的纤维保暖材料。近期申请者初步制备出具有网笼结构的纳米纤维棉，但其还存在网笼空腔孔径大、侧壁纳米网孔径分布不匀的问题，导致材料保暖性能仍未达到实际应用需求。为此，本项目拟开展高密度小网笼结构纳米纤维棉的构建及其阻热机制研究，确立纤维网笼结构成型的边界条件，掌握高密度小网笼结构的形态调控规律，阐明网笼结构、纤维间粘结特征与材料力学性能间的构效关系，建立适用于纳米纤维网笼结构的阻热特性预测模型，明晰材料达到最佳保暖性能时的本体结构特征，实现纤维棉体积密度≤8mg cm-3、导热系数≤0.024W m-1 K-1的目标，以满足其在防寒保暖领域的应用需求。

The current fibrous warmth retention materials generally suffer from the disadvantages of high density and poor warmth retention performance, which is far behind the urgent demands of highly efficient and ultralight warmth retention garments. Herein, we will develop a cage-like structured nanofibrous sponge with low thermal conductivity and ultralight feature, and investigate the structural regulation methods and thermal resistance mechanism of the fibrous sponges. In a previous study, we fabricated the nanofibrous sponges with cage-like structure, but it came with the drawbacks like the large pore size of the cage and the uneven distribution of pore size of nanonets on the cage wall, which could hardly meet the requirements of practical application. In this work, we will study the controllable construction and thermal resistance mechanism of the dense and tiny cage-like structured nanofibrous sponges. Meanwhile, we will obtain the boundary conditions of the formation of fibrous cage-like structure, and clarify the regulation process of the dense and tiny cage-like nanofibrous structure. Moreover, we will indicate the relationship between the bonding points on cage-like structure and the mechanical properties of the sponge, and establish the prediction models of thermal resistance properties of the nanofibrous cage-like structure. By further uncovering the relationship between the cage-like structure and the warmth retention properties of the nanofibrous sponges, the resultant materials will exhibit low density (≤8 mg cm-3) and thermal conductivity (≤0.024 W m-1 K-1), which enable them to satisfy the urgent demands for highly efficient warmth retention materials.