出行即服务下的动态活动出行建模与优化研究

随着移动互联技术的发展，出行即服务（Mobility-as-a-Service，MaaS）应运而生，其概念为运营平台将各种交通方式整合，出行者使用终端设备预订服务以满足交通需求。虽然MaaS符合“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”的交通发展理念，但就目前而言：在个体层面上，尚缺少MaaS对出行选择行为影响的建模；在网络层面上，尚缺少刻画MaaS影响交通流的理论框架；在系统层面上，尚缺少MaaS定价机制及其效率/公平分析。鉴于此，本项目建构并求解一个活动出行路由问题，以找到多模式交通网络中效用最高的活动出行路径。在已有动态活动出行分配模型基础上，对基于MaaS的动态用户均衡建模，考察基于MaaS的多模式交通流量时空分布规律。对基于MaaS的活动出行链定价机制展开探索，进而选择有效的定价策略以缓解和预防交通拥堵、减少能源消耗，以期最大限度地利用现有交通资源，提升多模式交通系统的服务水平。

With the development of mobile Internet technology, Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) is emerged in this context. The essence of MaaS involves the integration of various transport modes into a single on-demand mobility platform to meet customer needs while the MaaS users subscribe the services in a package with a single payment channel. MaaS is in line with the concept of “innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared” transportation development, however, for now, related studies have significant limitations: (i) the existing studies mainly focus on empirical research but lack a model framework to capture the effects of MaaS on multiple dimensional choice facets of the users; (ii) little has been revealed about the influences of MaaS on the spatial-temporal distribution of multimodal traffic flows at the system level; (iii) no research has been dedicated to the impacts trip-chain based MaaS pricing schemes on social welfare and equity. In view of it, this project constructs and solves an activity-travel routing problem (ATRP) to find an activity-travel path (ATP) with maximal travel utility in multi-mode transportation networks. In addition, on the basis of the existing framework of dynamic activity travel assignment (DATA), the dynamic user equilibrium (DUE) under MaaS is modeled, and then the temporal-spatial distribution of multimodal traffic flow is investigated. The proposed pricing schemes of the activity-travel under MaaS could be adopted to alleviate traffic congestion, reduce energy consumption, and finally enhance the service level of multimodal transportation system.