返乡精英移民的流动性实践与乡村地方性重构研究

随着我国从乡土中国转型为城乡中国，城乡的双向流动变得愈加重要，特别是精英人才的返乡迁移重构了乡村人地关系，获得了人文地理学的广泛关注，也呼应了流动性背景下反向移民研究的国际热点。项目以返乡精英移民为研究对象，以主体流动轨迹中有无乡村生活经验和在乡村有无亲密社会关系为标准，把研究对象分为返回故乡的乡村精英、返回他乡的乡村精英、返回故乡的城市精英、返回他乡的城市精英四种类型，建构“主体性-流动性-乡村地方性”互动的分析框架，重点阐述返乡精英移民流动性实践与乡村地方性重构的互动关系，具体分析不同类型返乡精英移民实践流动资本、流动政治和流动想象的时空演变规律，以及不同类型返乡精英移民重构乡村地方性的过程、机制与效应。以期从新文化地理学视角解构与建构流动性理论，补充与完善乡村地方性视角的移民研究；实践层面为乡村振兴的可持续发展提供关键人才方面的优化政策，为城乡融合发展和乡村地方性保护提供决策参考。

China is transferring from an agricultural society to an urbanized society, the bidirectional mobilities between rural and urban become increasingly significant, especially those elite returnees who are remolding human-place relations. Against the background of the mobility turn, the research on the elite returnees is drawn widely attentions from human geographers both domestically and internationally. This project divides the elite returnees into four different types, namely, the rural elites who return to the villages of their own, the rural elites who return to the home villages of the others’, the urban elites who move to the villages of their parental and the urban elites who return to the villages of the others’ due to their mobility trajectories, the experiences of rural lives and the rural social networks. The project attempts to build an analytical framework to illustrate the interactions between subjectivity, mobility and rural placeness. First, it uses the elite returnees’ mobility practice and the reconstruction of the rural placeness to analyze the space-time evolution of the flowing capital, the mobility politics and mobility imagination of the elite returnees, and the processes, the mechanisms and the effects of reconstructing the rural placeness. Second, it intends to deconstruct and reconstruct the framework of mobility studies and complement migration studies from the perspective of new cultural geography and the rural placeness. Third, from a practical point of view, it aims to make policy contributions to the sustainable rural revitalization through optimizing human resources and facilitates decision-making of integrating urban-rural development and protecting rural placeness.