分子结构调控下镁合金表面离子液体的成膜特性及润滑机制研究

镁合金在材料领域具有广阔的应用前景，但是其塑性加工仍然缺乏有效的润滑剂，从而影响镁合金的应用及发展。而目前对镁合金润滑剂研究较少，主要集中在含氮、磷、硫等元素的添加剂和纳米添加剂上，镁合金润滑剂的分子结构设计缺乏理论基础，润滑剂在镁合金表面的成膜特性及润滑机制尚未明确。因此本项目拟基于软硬酸碱规则，通过分子结构设计制备一系列具有不同吸附特性的酯类离子液体润滑剂，系统研究离子液体结构对镁合金摩擦学性能的影响规律；通过润滑剂和镁合金之间的表界面行为研究，揭示该类润滑剂在镁合金表面的吸附特性；通过化学表征方法研究润滑剂和镁合金之间的摩擦化学反应机制及成膜机制，揭示镁合金润滑剂的润滑作用机理。得到离子液体结构、成膜特性和润滑性能之间的构效关系，为镁合金的高性能润滑剂设计提供理论指导。本项目的研究不仅对丰富和发展摩擦学理论具有重要的学术价值，对于解决镁合金实际加工问题以及应用发展具有一定的促进作用。

Magnesium alloys have broad application prospects in the field of materials, but its plastic processing is still lack of effective lubricant, which affects its application and development. At present, there are few researches on magnesium alloy lubricants, mainly focusing on additives containing elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur or nano-additives. The molecular structure design of magnesium alloy lubricants lacks theoretical basis, and the film formation characteristics and lubrication mechanisms are not yet clear. Therefore, this project intends to prepare a series of ionic liquids with ester groups by molecular structure design basing on the theory of hard and soft acids and bases. Systematically study the influence of ionic liquids structure on the tribological properties of magnesium alloys. The adsorption properties of the ionic liquids on the magnesium alloy surface will be revealed by studying the surface and inter-surface behaviors between the lubricant and the alloy. The mechanism of tribological chemical reaction and film formation between the ionic liquids and magnesium alloy will be studied by chemical characterization method. The structure-activity relationships between the ionic liquids structure, film formation properties and lubricating properties is obtained, which provides theoretical guidance for the design of high performance lubricants for magnesium alloys. The research of this project not only has important academic value for enriching and developing tribology theory, but also has certain promotion effect on solving the practical processing problem and application development of magnesium alloys.