延长哀伤个体反刍思维的生态瞬时干预效果及机制

延长哀伤障碍是丧亲人群中发病率较高（9.8%）的一种精神障碍，但其干预研究仍处于起步阶段，且干预效果并不理想。反刍思维作为一种重要的跨诊断心理病理机制，是治疗抑郁症等多种精神障碍中的关键干预目标。然而，由于丧亲者反刍思维的不同内容可能加剧或缓解延长哀伤症状，当前一致以矫正反刍思维为目标的干预方法无法直接应用于治疗延长哀伤障碍。本项目拟研发适用于延长哀伤障碍、聚焦反刍思维的生态瞬时干预，并考察其效果及心理与生理机制。研究一拟采用生态瞬时评估考察日常反刍思维与延长哀伤症状的关系及其对应的生理变化特征；研究二拟通过德尔菲法研发反刍思维生态瞬时干预方案，并采用随机对照试验检验其改善延长哀伤症状的短期与长期效果；研究三拟从认知偏差矫正、注意控制能力提升、以及血压、心率、心率变异性、皮质醇变化的角度，探究干预起效的心理与生理机制。本项目有望促进理解延长哀伤障碍的心理病理机制，为其治疗提供新思路与工具。

Prolonged grief disorder is a commonly observed mental disorder among bereaved populations, with a prevalence of 9.8%. Yet, intervention research on prolonged grief disorder is still in its infancy and the effect sizes of current interventions are generally small. Rumination, as a transdiagnostic mechanism, is the target of interventions for various mental disorders including depression. However, rumination of bereaved individuals works differently in predicting prolonged grief symptoms based on its specific content, so that current interventions targeting modifying rumination may not work effectively in the treatment of prolonged grief disorder. This project aims to develop a rumination-focused ecological momentary intervention protocol for prolonged grief disorder, to examine the effectiveness of the intervention protocol, and to explore the psychological and physiological mechanisms underlying the changes brought by the intervention. This project includes three studies. Study One investigates the relationship between daily rumination and prolonged grief symptoms, as well as the physiological features associated with the two constructs. Study Two first develops a rumination-focused ecological momentary intervention protocol for prolonged grief disorder by the Delphi method and then conducts a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of the newly developed intervention protocol. Study Three explores the psychological mechanism underlying the intervention by testing the cognitive bias hypothesis and attentional control hypothesis of rumination, whereas the physiological mechanism is examined by documenting possible changes in blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, and cortisol. This project contributes to the knowledge body of the mechanism underlying prolonged grief disorder and provides a new perspective and useful tool for the intervention for prolonged grief disorder.