建筑空间视角下龙门石窟营造工程研究

龙门石窟是中原地区最重要的石窟群，已有研究从历史学、考古学、艺术史学等学科切入，取得了丰富研究成果，但建筑史领域关注不多。而石窟本身也是一种宗教建筑形式，若在建筑空间视角下考察石窟如何设计、开凿等营造工程问题，将为龙门石窟研究打开新局面。课题拟将石窟空间整体纳入研究范围，将施工遗迹与造像、雕饰等内容纳入洞窟空间关系中一体分析，探讨不同工事活动的先后，反向推导各洞窟具体的开凿过程和空间设计。这项研究，在资料层面，有助于发掘以往较为忽略的施工遗迹，补充石窟基础信息；在方法层面，强调建筑学方法在石窟研究中的具体应用，提出洞窟空间层次、壁面龛像空间关系等主要分析方法，有助于建筑学与其它多学科的交流融合，形成石窟研究的新范式；在理论层面，动态考察石窟工程背后人的思想与行为，有助于深化对大型工程运作机制的理解，为其它类型建筑的研究提供参考，也有助于石窟现代保护和展示利用。

Longmen Grottoes is the most important group of Grottoes in Central China. There have been many significant research achievements from the perspective of history, archaeology, art history and other disciplines, but little attention has been paid from the field of architectural history. Nevertheless, considering that the grottoes are also a form of religious architecture, it will open up a new situation for the study of Longmen Grottoes if we investigate the construction engineering questions such as how to design and excavate the grottoes from the perspective of architectural space. The project plans to bring the whole cave space into the scope of study. It not only pays attention to the sculpture, but also pays more attention to the comprehensive investigation of the construction relics. By analyzing the spatial relationship of various engineering relics, it reversely deduces the specific excavation process of each cave, and comprehensively discusses its construction technology, engineering organization and space design. At the level of basic data, this study is helpful to excavate the construction relics that were neglected in the past and supplement the basic information of grottoes. At the level of research methods, it emphasizes the specific application of architectural methods such as the spatial level of grottoes and the spatial relationship on the walls in the study of grottoes, which is helpful for the communication and integration of architecture and other disciplines, and forms a new paradigm for the study of grottoes. At the comprehensive research level, the project investigates the participant and their construction ideas behind the engineering technology, dynamically presents the humanistic historical features in the process of grottoes construction, which is also conducive to the research of other types of buildings，the modern protection and exhibition.