顶夸克物理与超出粒子物理标准模型的新物理的对撞机唯象学

顶夸克是粒子物理标准模型中最重的费米子，其与希格斯场的较强相互作用预示着，对其性质的研究是理解电弱对称性自发破缺机制的关键。另一方面，由于顶夸克寿命短于色禁闭时间尺度，它是唯一一种自旋信息能够在衰变产物中被保留的夸克。因此，无论从理论上、还是从实践上讲，在对撞机上对顶夸克物理进行深入研究都具有重要意义。本研究项目，旨在通过在大型强子对撞机和未来对撞机上对与顶夸克有关的重要标准模型过程、标准模型稀有过程和新物理过程的唯象学研究，达到以下三个目的：（1）加深对标准模型本身的理解；（2）寻找超出标准模型的新物理或为其建议可能的方向；（3）加深对量子场论的理解。

Top quark is the heaviest fermion in the Standard Model of particle physics. The strong interaction between it and the Higgs field hints that its property is the key to understand the mechanism of the electroweak symmetry spontaneously breaking. On the other hand, since the lifetime of top quark is shorter than the time scale of the color confinement, top quark is the unique quark whose spin information can be kept in its decay products. Thus, it is important to investigate the top physics at colliders from the point of view of both theory and practice. With studying the top quark related important standard model processes, standard model rare processes and new physics processes at the large hadron collider and future colliders, the main aims of this project are: (1) improving the understanding of the standard model; (2) searching for new physics beyond the standard model; (3) improving the understanding of quantum field theory.