亲水性聚砜毛细管膜的制备和应用研究

管式膜因具有流道宽、不易堵塞、组件结构简单、膜装填面积较高等特点，是处理高黏度/高固含体系的最佳选择。内压操作的管式膜因为能提供高膜面流速，极大地减弱浓差极化和凝胶层污染，而具有越来越广泛的应用前景。针对现有内压管式膜不能反清洗的缺点，本申请提出采用干湿法纺丝制备自支撑的毛细管聚砜超滤膜，不仅可内压操作，还能反清洗。膜管直径2~5mm，切割分子量5~7万，应用于水处理领域。为了提高膜的耐污染性，以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）作为亲水改性剂，通过PVP的自交联来防止其流失，实现膜的永久亲水，延长膜的使用寿命。制备的毛细管膜将应用于果胶浓缩实验，超滤膜装置中以真空射流器取代料液泵来供料，降低料液的循环能耗。

Tubular membrane is the best choice to deal with high viscosity / high solid content feed, because of its wide flow channel, not easy to block, simple module structure and high membrane area. Tubular membrane operating with internal pressure can provide high surface velocity, greatly reduce concentration polarization and gel layer pollution, and have wide application prospects. In view of the disadvantage that exists in tubular membrane operating with internal pressure, the module can’t be backwashed. This proposal plans to prepare self-supporting capillary polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane via dry-wet spinning, which can not only operate with internal pressure, but also be backwashed. The membrane tube has a diameter of 2-5mm and a cut-off molecular weight of 50000-70000 Dalton, which will be used in water treatment. In order to improve the pollution resistance of the membrane, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is used as the hydrophilic modifier to prevent the loss of PVP through the self crosslinking of PVP, so as to realize the permanent hydrophilicity of the membrane and extend the service life of the membrane. The prepared capillary membrane will be used in the pectin concentration experiment. In the ultrafiltration device, a vacuum ejector device will replace the feed pump to supply the feed, which reduce part of the circulating energy consumption.