基于横贯南北极的多站Muon子探测器空间环境监测预报研究

本项目旨在上一个国家自然科学基金项目《空间环境的高海拔与高纬度宇宙线联合监测》的基础上，对建在羊八井站、中山站、国家气象局及贵阳的宇宙线μ子望远镜进行维护、升级、改造和进一步扩大，并在北极（黄河站或冰岛站）创建新的宇宙线观测设备，逐步建立起我国自主独立的地面全球宇宙线观察网。基于这一横贯南北半球的μ子观测网，开展对太阳爆发引起的空间环境效应进行多站点联合观测，开发出空间环境监测的预警方法。主要内容为：1）探测日冕物资抛射CME在空间的传播特征，研究全球μ子探测网络GMDN的多μ子望远镜站点分析方法，利用本项目μ子观测网提供的多站数据，分析宇宙线各向异性（ξx 、ξy 、ξz），发现地磁暴先兆并形成实时的损失锥泡泡图数据产品。2）利用南、北极较低能量宇宙线先到达的优势进行太阳质子事件引起的空间环境变化的预警方法研究。

The project is based on the previous National Natural Science Foundation Project "joint detection of high altitude and high latitude cosmic rays in space environment" , maintenance, upgrading, modification and further expansion of the cosmic ray telescope at Yangbajing station, Zhongshan Station, National Meteorological Administration and Guiyang Station, and creation of new cosmic ray observation facilities at the Arctic (Yellow River Station or Iceland Station) The ground-based and independent Global Cosmic Ray Observation Network has been established step by step. Based on this network of sub-observations across the northern and southern hemispheres, a multi-site joint observation of the space environment effects caused by solar eruptions was carried out, and an early warning method for space Environmental monitoring was developed. The main contents are as follows: 1) to detect the propagation characteristics of CME in space, to study the GMDN multi-telescope site analysis method, to analyze the cosmic ray anisotropy (X, Y, Z) and to find the geomagnetic storm precursor by using the multi-station data provided by the sub-observation network of this project. 2) using the advantage of lower energy cosmic rays arriving first in the north and South Poles to study the early warning methods of space environment changes caused by Solar proton event.