无机非晶微纳材料的基础科学问题

近几十年以来，非晶材料因其长程无序的内部结构与优异的特性而得到了广泛的关注并取得了可喜的发展。但，现有的非晶材料的研究主要集中在块体合金材料以及力学性能上，其它的优势未能得到充分体现。另一方面，微纳米尺度的大量研究主要集中在晶体材料，对微纳米非晶材料的研究还刚刚起步，非晶与微纳米的结合必将大大拓展其应用领域。本项目将结合微纳米材料与非晶材料两个领域，探索制备无机非晶微纳米材料的新途径，发展非晶材料在微纳米尺度的可控合成与构筑，理解无机非晶微纳米材料结构的形成机理，力求在原子和分子尺度的层次上对非晶微纳米结构的微观电子结构进行深入的表征和认识，研究其力学、催化、电学和磁学等特性。本项目的实施将系统性开辟非晶微纳米材料的制备工艺，提升对于非晶材料微观结构的理解，同时为推动非晶材料在能源、环境和航空航天领域等方面的应用奠定基础。

In recent decades, amorphous materials have attracted extensive attention for its long-range disorder structure and superior performance. However, the existing research work mainly concentrate on the bulk amorphous alloys and their mechanical properties, and the other advantages are unequally neglected. On the other hand, the studies of materials with micro-nano scales largely focus on crystal materials, and the amorphous materials have been rare involved. The combination of amorphous phase and micro-nano scales will greatly expand the application of amorphous materials. Thus, In this project, we will devote to explore the new approaches for preparing amorphous nanomaterials and comprehend their formation mechanisms, as well as characterize and investigate their electronic structure at the atom and molecule scales. Accordingly, their properties in mechanics, catalysis, electricity and magnetic will also be further studied. The successful implementation of this project will systematically develop several strategies for synthesizing amorphous nanomaterials and effectively promote the understanding of their fine-structure at atomic scale, providing powerful scientific and technological basis to enable their wide application in energy, environment and aerospace fields.