基于无线整合型MRI放大器高分辨成像探索肾小球疾病早期影像诊断的实验研究

肾小球疾病（GD）起病隐匿、发病率高且终末期患者需行血液透析或肾脏移植。目前临床常用检查方法为血尿生化和肾脏穿刺，对早期GD诊断及程度判定存在困难。因此探索无损伤、高敏感且可重复的方法来直观显示GD具有重要意义。我们的前期研究表明，采用无线整合型磁共振放大器（WAND）联合7.0T MRI高清成像可提高信号强度及提升组织分辨力，实现了对血管壁、肿瘤内部的高分辨成像。本研究拟通过大鼠肛门无损伤置入二代WAND并行7.0T MR扫描其肾脏，观察不同生理条件下，大鼠肾脏微结构的影像学特征；进而构建急性肾小球肾炎模型，动态观察其肾脏微结构MR影像改变，并与病理特征对比研究，分析生理、病理状况下肾微结构MR影像变化，探讨早期高分辨MRI诊断GD的可行性，以期建立一种无损伤、高敏感及可重复的影像学检查方法，为GD患者的早期诊断提供理论依据和技术支持。

Glomerular lesions have hidden onset, high morbidity, and patients with end-stage glomerular lesions need hemodialysis or kidney transplantation. The Common clinical examinations are hematuria biochemistry and renal puncture, but it is difficult to diagnose the early glomerular lesions and degree. Therefore, there is urgently need to explore a non-damaging, highly sensitive and repeatable methods to visually display the glomerular structure and damage. The second-generation wireless integrated magnetic resonance amplifier (Wireless Amplified NMR Detector, WAND) combined with clinical 7.0T MRI high-definition imaging can improve signal strength and tissue resolution. As a prospective imaging technology, it has been studied to achieve high-resolution imaging of blood vessel wall and tumor, it is expected to solve this problem through clinical transformation based on previous research. In this study, the second-generation WAND was implanted in the rat's anus without damage and the kidneys were scanned with WAND-7.0T MR to observe the imaging characteristics of the rat kidney microstructure under different physiological conditions.Then the model of acute glomerulonephritis was built, and the renal microstructure MR images changes were dynamically observed and compared with pathological features, and the correlation between physiology, pathology and changes of renal microstructure MR images changes was analyzed to explore the possibility of early clinical diagnosis of glomerular diseases.