Visual Cross-Modal Re-Organization in Children with Cochlear Implants
Visual Cross-Modal Re-Organization in Children with Cochlear Implants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0147793
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-25
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sharma, Anu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, Julia;Sharma, Anu
背景视觉跨模式重组是耳聋患者的一种神经生理过程。完整的视觉感觉模式从被剥夺的听觉感觉模式中招募皮质区域。这种代偿性可塑性在聋人和动物中得到了证明，并与植入人工耳蜗的成年人的言语感知能力缺陷有关。然而，目前尚不清楚植入人工耳蜗的儿童是否发生了视觉跨模式重组，以及它是否可能是导致言语和语言结果的变异性的一个来源。因此，本研究的目的是确定植入人工耳蜗的儿童是否存在视觉跨模式重组，以及这种重组是否与言语知觉操作缺陷有关。方法通过高密度脑电对41名听力正常儿童和14名5~15岁植入人工耳蜗的儿童进行视觉诱发电位(VEP)的记录，以响应明显的运动和形状变化。为了观察视觉跨模式重组的证据，对VEP的波幅和潜伏期以及来源定位结果进行了组间比较。结果听力正常儿童和人工耳蜗术后儿童视觉诱发电位均有不同的形态特征。然而，植入人工耳蜗的儿童表现出更大的VEP波幅和更早的潜伏期，同时伴随着包括听觉区域在内的右侧颞叶皮质的激活，提示视觉跨模式重组。人工耳蜗术后儿童VEP N1潜伏期与背景噪声中的言语知觉呈负相关。结论本研究结果首次描述了聋儿人工耳蜗术后视觉通道对听觉皮质的跨模式重组。我们的发现表明，作为一个群体，植入人工耳蜗术的儿童表现出视觉跨模式招募的证据，这可能是植入物导致言语感知结果差异的一个原因。
BackgroundVisual cross-modal re-organization is a neurophysiological process that occurs in deafness. The intact sensory modality of vision recruits cortical areas from the deprived sensory modality of audition. Such compensatory plasticity is documented in deaf adults and animals, and is related to deficits in speech perception performance in cochlear-implanted adults. However, it is unclear whether visual cross-modal re-organization takes place in cochlear-implanted children and whether it may be a source of variability contributing to speech and language outcomes. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if visual cross-modal re-organization occurs in cochlear-implanted children, and whether it is related to deficits in speech perception performance.MethodsVisual evoked potentials (VEPs) were recorded via high-density EEG in 41 normal hearing children and 14 cochlear-implanted children, aged 5-15 years, in response to apparent motion and form change. Comparisons of VEP amplitude and latency, as well as source localization results, were conducted between the groups in order to view evidence of visual cross-modal re-organization. Finally, speech perception in background noise performance was correlated to the visual response in the implanted children.Results Distinct VEP morphological patterns were observed in both the normal hearing and cochlear-implanted children. However, the cochlear-implanted children demonstrated larger VEP amplitudes and earlier latency, concurrent with activation of right temporal cortex including auditory regions, suggestive of visual cross-modal re-organization. The VEP N1 latency was negatively related to speech perception in background noise for children with cochlear implants.Conclusion Our results are among the first to describe cross modal re-organization of auditory cortex by the visual modality in deaf children fitted with cochlear implants. Our findings suggest that, as a group, children with cochlear implants show evidence of visual cross-modal recruitment, which may be a contributing source of variability in speech perception outcomes with their implant.