Fecal Contamination on Produce from Wholesale and Retail Food Markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Fecal Contamination on Produce from Wholesale and Retail Food Markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.17-0255
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Pickering, Amy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Harris, Angela R.;Islam, Mohammad Aminul;Pickering, Amy J.
新鲜农产品在收获前(例如，灌溉用水、土壤、肥料)或采后(例如，小贩搬运或消费者搬运)阶段可能受到供应链上肠道病原体的污染。这项研究评估了从孟加拉达卡的批发市场(最近收获)和社区零售市场获得的胡萝卜、茄子、红苋叶和西红柿表面的粪便指示菌大肠杆菌、肠球菌(ENT)和碘杆菌的浓度。我们在100%的胡萝卜和红苋汁、92%的茄子汁和46%的西红柿汁中检测到了大肠杆菌。利用分子微生物来源追踪分析，我们发现32%的农产品样品对反刍动物粪便污染呈阳性。与批发市场产品相比，零售市场产品中检出粪便指示菌的可能性更大；零售市场产品检出大肠杆菌的可能性是批发市场产品的1.25倍(P=0.03)，ENT检测的可能性是批发市场产品的1.24倍(P=0.03)。零售市场样品中检出的细菌含量高于批发市场样品(0.40log(10)基因拷贝数/100 cm(2)，P=0.03)。我们的结果表明，达卡市场的反刍动物和一般的农产品粪便污染是常见的，并表明市场的不卫生条件是采后农产品粪便污染的重要来源。
Fresh produce items can become contaminated with enteric pathogens along the supply chain at the preharvest (e.g., irrigation water, soil, fertilizer) or postharvest (e.g., vendor handling or consumer handling) stages. This study assesses the concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria Escherichia coli, enterococci (ENT), and Bacteriodales on surfaces of carrots, eggplants, red amaranth leaves, and tomatoes obtained from both a wholesale market (recently harvested) and neighborhood retail markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We detected E. coli in 100% of carrot and red amaranth rinses, 92% of eggplant rinses, and 46% of tomato rinses. Using a molecular microbial source tracking assay, wefound that 32% of produce samples were positive for ruminant fecal contamination. Fecal indicator bacteria were more likely to be detected on produce collected in retail markets compared with that in the wholesale market; retail market produce were 1.25 times more likely to have E. coli detected (P=0.03) and 1.24 times more likely to have ENT detected (P=0.03) as compared with wholesale market produce. Bacteriodales was detected in higher concentrations in retail market produce samples compared with wholesale market produce samples (0.40 log(10) gene copies per 100 cm(2) higher, P = 0.03). Our results suggest that ruminant and general fecal contamination of produce in markets in Dhaka is common, and suggest that unsanitary conditions in markets are an important source of produce fecal contamination postharvest.