Trace metal emissions in fine particles from coal combustion
Trace metal emissions in fine particles from coal combustion
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DOI：
10.1021/ef060405q
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发表时间：
2007-03
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
P. Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Nelson
在过去的几十年里，大气中的细颗粒物浓度和相关的人类健康影响一直是重要的科学研究和监管发展的主题。流行病学研究表明，与粗颗粒物相比，细颗粒物与不良健康后果的相关性更强，尽管其原因机制尚未明确确立。虽然死亡率与其他健康影响和颗粒物质量之间的关联显示出相对一致的影响程度，但研究结果的一致性和一致性要低得多，这些研究考察了健康影响与细颗粒物组成之间的关联。人们早在20多年前就知道，煤燃烧过程中形成的细小颗粒中会富含痕量金属。其中一些金属在高浓度下是有毒的，需要对其在燃煤电厂中的排放率进行可靠的估计，以帮助评估细颗粒暴露与健康影响之间的关系。本文综述了目前对细颗粒物健康效应的认识，包括组成的影响，以及决定工厂中痕量元素释放和排放的因素。
Fine-particle concentrations in the atmosphere and related human health impacts have been the subject of significant scientific research and regulatory development over the past couple of decades. Finer particles have been shown in epidemiological studies to be more strongly associated with adverse health outcomes than coarser particles, although the causal mechanisms responsible have not been definitively established. While the association between mortality and other health effects and particle mass show relatively consistent magnitudes of effects, there is considerably less agreement and consistency in the results from studies that have examined associations between health impacts and the composition of the fine particles. It has been known for more than 20 years that trace metals are enriched in the fine particles formed during coal combustion. Some of these metals are toxic at high concentrations, and reliable estimates of their emission rates in coal-fired plants are required to assist assessment of the relationships between fine-particle exposure and health impacts. In this paper, the current understanding of the health effects of fine particles, including the influence of composition, and the factors that determine trace-element release and emission from full-scale plants, is reviewed.