Scientific Opinion on the assessment of potential impacts of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms
Scientific Opinion on the assessment of potential impacts of genetically modified plants on non-target organisms
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DOI：
10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1877
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wal, Jean -Michel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andersson, Hans Christer;Arpaia, Salvatore;Wal, Jean -Michel
欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）要求转基因生物小组建立一个自我任务工作组，目的是（1）对转基因生物环境风险评估小组（ERA）的现行指南进行科学审查，重点关注转基因植物对非目标生物（NTO）的潜在影响，（2）提出NTO选择标准，及（3）就标准化测试方法提供意见。这一举措是应包括欧洲联盟委员会和成员国在内的广泛利益攸关方的需要和要求而采取的。首先，非目标生物工作组（EFSA NTO WG）主要考虑转基因植物对无脊椎动物物种的影响，但也考虑到可能改变的生态系统功能。EFSA NTO工作组考虑了明确和客观的保护目标的必要性，应制定评估和测量终点;通过设定可验证的假设启动科学风险评估的必要性;适当选择试验物种和生态功能组的标准;适当的实验室和实地研究以收集相关NTO数据;以及统计技术的使用，这应该是实验设计的一个组成部分。EFSA NTO工作组考虑了当前文献中描述的NTO ERA的一系列方法和方法，并根据分层方法中功能组和单个物种的选择提出了风险评估方法。本科学意见为风险评估人员评估转基因植物对非转基因生物的潜在影响提供了指导，并为完成全面的非转基因生物环境影响评估提供了数据要求的理由。在这方面，本意见中概述的对申请人的指导已插入EFSA转基因植物ERA专家组的最新指导文件中。(C)欧洲食品安全局，2010年
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) asked the Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms to establish a self-tasking Working Group with the aim of (1) producing a scientific review of the current guidance of the GMO Panel for Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA), focusing on the potential impacts of GM plants on Non-Target Organisms (NTOs), (2) proposing criteria for NTOs selection, and (3) providing advise on standardized testing methodology. This initiative was undertaken in response to a need and request from a wide range of stakeholders, including the European Commission and Member States. In first instance, the self-tasking Working Group on Non-Target Organisms (EFSA NTO WG) mainly considered impacts of GM plants on invertebrate species, but also took account of ecosystem functions that could be altered. The EFSA NTO WG considered the necessity for clear and objective protection goals, for which assessment and measurement endpoints shall be developed; the need to initiate the scientific risk assessment by setting testable hypotheses; criteria for appropriate selection of test species and ecological functional groups; appropriate laboratory and field studies to collect relevant NTO data; and the use of statistical techniques that should be an integral part of experimental design. The EFSA NTO WG considered the range of approaches and methodologies of ERA of NTOs as described in the current literature and proposed risk assessment approaches based on selection of functional groups and individual species within a tiered approach. The present scientific opinion provides guidance to risk assessors for assessing potential effects of GM plants on NTOs, together with rationale for data requirements in order to complete a comprehensive ERA for NTOs. In this respect, guidance to applicants as outlined in the present opinion has been inserted in the updated Guidance Document of the EFSA GMO Panel for the ERA of GM plants. (C) European Food Safety Authority, 2010