Embodied health movements: new approaches to social movements in health
Embodied health movements: new approaches to social movements in health
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-9566.2004.00378.x
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Altman, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, P;Zavestoski, S;Altman, RG
围绕与健康有关的问题组织的社会运动几乎自存在以来就被研究，但社会运动理论尚未应用于这些运动。健康社会运动（HSMs）围绕健康集中组织，并解决：(a)获得或提供保健服务；(b)基于种族、民族、性别、阶级和/或性的保健不平等和不平等；和/或(c)疾病、患病经历、残疾和争议性疾病。卫生保健运动可细分为三类：卫生保健运动寻求公平获得卫生保健和改善卫生保健服务的提供；以选区为基础的卫生运动解决基于种族、民族、性别、阶级和/或性差异的卫生不平等和卫生不平等；具体健康运动（EHMs）通过挑战病因、诊断、治疗和预防科学来解决疾病、残疾或疾病经历。这些小组解决不成比例的结果和科学界和/或薄弱科学的监督问题。这篇文章主要集中在具体化的健康运动，主要在美国。它们在三个方面是独特的：1)它们将生物身体引入社会运动，特别是关于疾病患者的具体经验；2)它们通常包括对现有医学/科学知识和实践的挑战；3)在寻求治疗、预防、研究和扩大资金方面，活动人士经常与科学家和卫生专业人员合作。本文采用社会运动理论的各种要素来提供一种理解具体健康运动的方法，并提供了一个这样的运动的胶囊例子，即环境乳腺癌运动。
Social movements organised around health-related issues have been studied for almost as long as they have existed, yet social movement theory has not yet been applied to these movements. Health social movements (HSMs) are centrally organised around health, and address: (a) access to or provision of health care services; (b) health inequality and inequity based on race, ethnicity, gender, class and/or sexuality; and/or (c) disease, illness experience, disability and contested illness. HSMs can be subdivided into three categories: health access movements seek equitable access to health care and improved provision of health care services; constituency based health movements address health inequality and health inequity based on race, ethnicity, gender, class and/or sexuality differences; and embodied health movements (EHMs) address disease, disability or illness experience by challenging science on etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. These groups address disproportionate outcomes and oversight by the scientific community and/or weak science. This article focuses on embodied health movements, primarily in the US. These are unique in three ways: 1) they introduce the biological body to social movements, especially with regard to the embodied experience of people with the disease; 2) they typically include challenges to existing medical/ scientific knowledge and practice; and 3) they often involve activists collaborating with scientists and health professionals in pursuing treatment, prevention, research and expanded funding. This article employs various elements of social movement theory to offer an approach to understanding embodied health movements, and provides a capsule example of one such movement, the environmental breast cancer movement.