Visual objects interact differently during encoding and memory maintenance
Visual objects interact differently during encoding and memory maintenance
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-019-01861-x
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Bledowski, Christoph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Czoschke, Stefan;Peters, Benjamin;Bledowski, Christoph
工作记忆的存储机制是一个持续争论的问题。感觉重新招募假说指出，记忆维持和知觉编码依赖于相同的神经底物。这表明，塑造物体知觉的相同的大脑皮层机制也适用于保持的记忆内容。我们使用方向错觉来验证这一预测，即两个同时可见的运动方向的相互排斥。参与者记住了两个随机点图案的方向，以便以后回忆。在实验1和实验2中，我们改变了空间上不同刺激的时间分离，以操纵知觉并发性，同时保持工作记忆中的并发性不变。我们仅在同时刺激呈现下观察到相互运动排斥，而在即时刺激继承下观察到主动排斥和回溯吸引。然而，当刺激间隔为0.5时和2时，S的主动排斥消失了，而追溯吸引仍然存在。在实验3中，我们将两种刺激呈现在相同的空间位置，并观察到排斥效应的重现。我们的结果表明，在空间中塑造物体知觉的排斥机制在从知觉表征向巩固记忆内容的转变过程中逐渐消失。这表明知觉表征和助记表征的潜在结构存在差异。然而，局部相互作用的持久性表明了空间全局和局部特征相互作用的不同机制。
The storage mechanisms of working memory are the matter of an ongoing debate. The sensory recruitment hypothesis states that memory maintenance and perceptual encoding rely on the same neural substrate. This suggests that the same cortical mechanisms that shape object perception also apply to maintained memory content. We tested this prediction using the Direction Illusion, i.e., the mutual repulsion of two concurrently visible motion directions. Participants memorized the directions of two random dot patterns for later recall. In Experiments 1 and 2, we varied the temporal separation of spatially distinct stimuli to manipulate perceptual concurrency, while keeping concurrency within working memory constant. We observed mutual motion repulsion only under simultaneous stimulus presentation, but proactive repulsion and retroactive attraction under immediate stimulus succession. At inter-stimulus intervals of 0.5 and 2 s, however, proactive repulsion vanished, while the retroactive attraction remained. In Experiment 3, we presented both stimuli at the same spatial position and observed a reappearance of the repulsion effect. Our results indicate that the repulsive mechanisms that shape object perception across space fade during the transition from a perceptual representation to a consolidated memory content. This suggests differences in the underlying structure of perceptual and mnemonic representations. The persistence of local interactions, however, indicates different mechanisms of spatially global and local feature interactions.