Differences in bone density, body composition, physical activity, and diet between child gymnasts and untrained children 7-8 years of age
Differences in bone density, body composition, physical activity, and diet between child gymnasts and untrained children 7-8 years of age
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DOI：
10.1359/jbmr.2003.18.6.1043
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Truscott, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zanker, CL;Gannon, L;Truscott, JG
增强骨量获取的策略可能对骨质疏松症有保护作用。比较了20名艺术体操运动员（10名男孩，10名女孩）和20名未经训练的7-8岁儿童的骨密度。女性体操运动员的骨密度区域值高于未受过训练的女孩。如果保持到成年，这种较高的骨密度可以在以后的生活中保护骨骼的完整性。加强儿童骨量获取的策略可能有助于预防骨质疏松症。本研究探讨了7岁前定期高强度运动和负重运动对总骨密度和局部骨密度的影响。招募了20名艺术体操运动员（10名男孩和10名女孩）和20名未经训练的7-8岁儿童。未受过训练的儿童按性别、身高、体重和年龄与体操运动员配对。女体操运动员每周训练8-10小时，定期训练3-4年。男体操运动员每周训练4-6小时，训练1-2年。使用DXA测量全身骨密度（TBBMD）测量骨密度；腰椎，面积（aSBMD）和体积（vSBMD）；总脊柱;骨盆;武器;和腿。女体操运动员与未训练的女孩在aSBMD、vSBMD、臂BMD、TBBMD方面的平均差异有统计学意义（8-10%）(P < 0.05: aSBMD、vSBMD、TBBMD体质量；p < 0.01：上臂骨密度)。与未经训练的男孩相比，男性体操运动员的TBBMD/BM和手臂骨密度有不显著的上升趋势。在体操运动员中也观察到骨盆、腿部和整个脊柱有更高骨密度的趋势。未训练的男孩和女孩在总体和区域骨密度上没有差异。结果表明，在7岁之前进行体操训练可以提高骨骼特定部位的骨量。这种增强的程度似乎与这种训练的累积量有关。如果在青春期和青年期保留骨骼，在儿童早期通过高冲击和负重活动获得的过量骨骼可能会保护以后生活中的骨骼完整性。
Strategies that enhance the acquisition of bone mass may be protective against osteoporosis. BMD was compared in 20 artistic gymnasts (10 boys; 10 girls) and 20 untrained children ages 7-8 years. Higher regional values of BMD were observed in female gymnasts than untrained girls. If retained to adulthood, this higher BMD may protect skeletal integrity in later life.Strategies that enhance the acquisition of bone mass in children may assist with the prevention of osteoporosis. This study explored the effects of regular high-impact and weight-bearing activity before the age of 7 years on total and regional bone mineral density (BMD). Twenty artistic gymnasts (10 boys and 10 girls) and 20 untrained children, 7-8 years of age, were recruited. The untrained children were matched to gymnasts by sex, height, weight, and age. Female gymnasts trained 8-10 h per week and had trained regularly for 3-4 years. Male gymnasts trained 4-6 h per week and had trained for 1-2 years. Measurements of bone mineral density were made using DXA for total body BMD (TBBMD); lumbar spine, both areal (aSBMD) and volumetric (vSBMD); total spine; pelvis; arms; and legs. Significant mean differences (8-10%) in aSBMD, vSBMD, arm BMD, and TBBMD were observed between female gymnasts and untrained girls (P < 0.05: aSBMD, vSBMD, and TBBMD body mass (BM); p < 0.01: arm BMD). A nonsignificant trend toward a higher TBBMD/BM and arm BMD was observed in male gymnasts compared with untrained boys. Trends toward a higher BMD within the pelvis, legs, and total spine were also observed in gymnasts. There were no differences in total and regional BMD between untrained boys and untrained girls. The results suggest that gymnastics training before the age of 7 years enhances the acquisition of bone mass at selected skeletal sites. The magnitude of this enhancement seems to be linked to the cumulative volume of such training. If retained during adolescence and young adulthood, a surfeit of bone acquired through high-impact and weight-bearing activity in early childhood may protect skeletal integrity in later life.