Neurobiology and the Drosophila genome
Neurobiology and the Drosophila genome
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DOI：
10.1007/s101420000029
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Littleton, J. Troy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshihara, Motojiro;Ensminger, Alexander W.;Littleton, J. Troy
果蝇基因组常染色质的测序和注释提供了一个重要的基础，使神经生物学家能够从神经元蛋白质的完整基因集追溯到最终理解它们如何发挥作用来产生认知和行为。在这里，我们提供了对果蝇全基因组分析中出现的一些关键见解的简要概述。不足为奇的是，秀丽线虫和果蝇的基因组中都含有哺乳动物中也存在的保守的神经元信号蛋白。这包括大量的神经细胞黏附受体、突触组织蛋白、离子通道和神经递质受体以及突触小泡运输蛋白。此外，果蝇中还存在大量的人类神经系统疾病基因的同源基因，这表明果蝇在不久的将来很可能成为人类神经病理学的重要疾病模型。对果蝇神经基因集的实验分析将为神经系统如何在细胞水平上发挥作用提供重要的见解，使该领域能够将这些信息整合到最终理解神经元集合如何调节认知和行为的框架中。
The sequencing and annotation of the euchromatin of the Drosophila melanogaster genome provides an important foundation that allows neurobiologists to work back from the complete gene set of neuronal proteins to an eventual understanding of how they function to produce cognition and behavior. Here we provide a brief survey of some of the key insights that have emerged from analyzing the complete gene set in Drosophila. Not surprisingly, both the Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila genomes contain a conserved repertoire of neuronal signaling proteins that are also present in mammals. This includes a large number of neuronal cell adhesion receptors, synapse-organizing proteins, ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors, and synaptic vesicle-trafficking proteins. In addition, there are a significant number of fly homologs of human neurological disease loci, suggesting that Drosophila is likely to be an important disease model for human neuropathology in the near future. The experimental analysis of the Drosophila neuronal gene set will provide important insights into how the nervous system functions at the cellular level, allowing the field to integrate this information into the framework of ultimately understanding how neuronal ensembles mediate cognition and behavior.