New evidences on the altered gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorders.
New evidences on the altered gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorders.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40168-017-0242-1
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发表时间：
2017-02-22
期刊：
影响因子：
15.5
通讯作者：
De Filippo C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strati F;Cavalieri D;Albanese D;De Felice C;Donati C;Hayek J;Jousson O;Leoncini S;Renzi D;Calabrò A;De Filippo C
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是以社交和行为障碍为特征的神经发育状况。除了神经症状之外，ASD受试者还经常患有胃肠道异常，因此暗示肠道微生物群在ASD胃肠道病理生理学中的作用。在这里，我们描述了一组自闭症患者的细菌和真菌肠道微生物群，证明了微生物群落结构的改变。90%的自闭症患者被归类为严重的ASD。我们发现自闭症患者厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比例显著增加，这是由于拟杆菌门相对丰度降低。在属的水平上，我们观察到在ASD队列中Alistipes，Bilophila，Dialister，Parabacteroides和Veillonella的相对丰度下降，而Collinsella，Corynebacterium，Dorea和Lactobacillus显着增加。便秘与自闭症和神经型受试者中的不同细菌模式相关，便秘自闭症个体的特征在于高水平的属于埃希氏菌/志贺氏菌和梭菌XVIII簇的细菌分类群。我们还观察到，真菌属念珠菌的相对丰度在自闭症患者中是神经型受试者的两倍多，但由于数值的分散性较大，这种差异仅部分显著。除了细菌肠道微生物群之外，肠道微生物群也有助于ASD肠道微生物群落结构的改变，这一发现为旨在缓解ASD胃肠道症状的新的潜在干预策略开辟了可能性。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s40168-017-0242-1）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by social and behavioural impairments. In addition to neurological symptoms, ASD subjects frequently suffer from gastrointestinal abnormalities, thus implying a role of the gut microbiota in ASD gastrointestinal pathophysiology. Here, we characterized the bacterial and fungal gut microbiota in a cohort of autistic individuals demonstrating the presence of an altered microbial community structure. A fraction of 90% of the autistic subjects were classified as severe ASDs. We found a significant increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in autistic subjects due to a reduction of the Bacteroidetes relative abundance. At the genus level, we observed a decrease in the relative abundance of Alistipes, Bilophila, Dialister, Parabacteroides, and Veillonella in the ASD cohort, while Collinsella, Corynebacterium, Dorea, and Lactobacillus were significantly increased. Constipation has been then associated with different bacterial patterns in autistic and neurotypical subjects, with constipated autistic individuals characterized by high levels of bacterial taxa belonging to Escherichia/Shigella and Clostridium cluster XVIII. We also observed that the relative abundance of the fungal genus Candida was more than double in the autistic than neurotypical subjects, yet due to a larger dispersion of values, this difference was only partially significant. The finding that, besides the bacterial gut microbiota, also the gut mycobiota contributes to the alteration of the intestinal microbial community structure in ASDs opens the possibility for new potential intervention strategies aimed at the relief of gastrointestinal symptoms in ASDs. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40168-017-0242-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.