Paleobiogeographical extinction patterns of Permian brachiopods in the Asian–western Pacific region
Paleobiogeographical extinction patterns of Permian brachiopods in the Asian–western Pacific region
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DOI：
10.1666/0094-8373(2002)028
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发表时间：
2002-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Shuzhong Shen;G. Shi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shuzhong Shen;G. Shi
摘要生物多样性的时空变化是理解地理调控（如果有的话）在大规模灭绝中的作用的关键。根据最新的二叠纪腕足类89个科、422属、2059种的地层范围数据库，在亚洲-西太平洋地区的北界、古赤道界和冈瓦纳界进行了分析，提出了两个离散的大规模灭绝，每个可能有不同的原因。使用种/科稀疏分析，我们构建了多样性曲线晚Artinskian-Kungurian，Roadian-Wordian，Capitanian，Wuchiapingian间隔过滤不均匀的采样强度。长兴纪末（二叠纪末）灭绝了87-90%的腕足动物属和94-96%的腕足动物种。中国南方和西藏南部碳酸盐岩环境中腕足动物长兴末期灭绝的时间表明，腕足动物在二叠纪/三叠纪界线以下的短时间内遭受了快速灭绝。相比之下，瓜达卢佩末期/瓜达卢佩晚期灭绝的影响不那么深远，并且在不同的领域会有时间上的变化。北界西太平洋部分的腕足动物在瓜达卢普纪末期几乎消失，但在冈瓦纳领域的整个瓜达卢普纪经历了一次相对长期的灭绝。结束瓜达卢佩腕足动物多样性下降是没有很好地反映在这里使用的时间尺度在古赤道地区，因为生命枯竭的早期Wuchiapingian重叠的快速辐射阶段在Wuchiapingian晚期。瓜达卢佩的下降似乎与腕足动物栖息地面积的急剧减少有关，而腕足动物栖息地面积的急剧减少本身又与泛大陆海水的撤出和瓜达卢佩末期中蒙海道的关闭有关。
Abstract Spatial and temporal variations in biological diversity are critical in understanding the role of biogeographical regulation (if any) on mass extinctions. An analysis based on a latest database of the stratigraphic ranges of 89 Permian brachiopod families, 422 genera, and 2059 species within the Boreal, Paleoequatorial, and Gondwanan Realms in the Asian–western Pacific region suggests two discrete mass extinctions, each possibly with different causes. Using species/family rarefaction analysis, we constructed diversity curves for late Artinskian–Kungurian, Roadian–Wordian, Capitanian, and Wuchiapingian intervals for filtering out uneven sampling intensities. The end-Changhsingian (latest Permian) extinction eliminated 87–90% of genera and 94–96% of species of Brachiopoda. The timing of the end-Changhsingian extinction of brachiopods in the carbonate settings of South China and southern Tibet indicates that brachiopods suffered a rapid extinction within a short interval just below the Permian/Triassic boundary. In comparison, the end-Guadalupian/late Guadalupian extinction is less profound and varies temporally in different realms. Brachiopods in the western Pacific sector of the Boreal Realm nearly disappeared by the end-Guadalupian but experienced a relatively long-term press extinction spanning the entire Guadalupian in the Gondwanan Realm. The end-Guadalupian brachiopod diversity fall is not well reflected at the timescale used here in the Paleoequatorial Realm because the life-depleted early Wuchiapingian was overlapped by a rapid radiation phase in the late Wuchiapingian. The Guadalupian fall appears to be related to the dramatic reduction of habitat area for the brachiopods, which itself is associated with the withdrawal of seawater from continental Pangea and the closure of the Sino-Mongolian seaway by the end-Guadalupian.