Longitudinal analysis of the effect of smoking cessation on cardiovascular risk factors in a community sample: the Busselton Study.
Longitudinal analysis of the effect of smoking cessation on cardiovascular risk factors in a community sample: the Busselton Study.
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DOI：
10.1097/00043798-199808000-00009
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Knuiman, M W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bartholomew, H C;Knuiman, M W
背景：众所周知，戒烟对健康有益，但戒烟者也会遭受不利影响。本研究以社区为样本，调查戒烟对心血管危险因素的影响。方法：对西澳大利亚乡村小镇Busselton参加以人口为基础的大规模健康筛查的1372名女性和888名男性的纵向风险因素数据进行分析。在3年和6年的随访期间，比较了235名戒烟者（“戒烟者”）、1499名从不吸烟者和526名持续吸烟者的体重、15秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力肺活量、血压和总胆固醇的年龄调整变化。结果：在女性中，戒烟3年后（1.74 vs 0.32 kg, P = 0.015）和6年后（2.39 vs 1.24 kg, P = 0.085）的体重增加大于继续吸烟的女性。男性“戒烟者”在3年后（2.84比0.93公斤，P < 0.001）和6年后（4.46比2.40公斤，P < 0.001）体重增加明显更多。虽然“戒烟者”的FEV1下降幅度小于持续吸烟者，但这仅对年龄小于45岁的男性和女性有统计学意义。戒烟与女性胆固醇水平的小幅上升有关，但与男性无关。戒烟对肺活量和血压的变化没有显著影响。结论：戒烟对男性和女性心血管危险因素的影响不同。尽管在男性和女性中，戒烟都与体重增加有关，但男性体重增加的幅度更大。戒烟对肺功能有好处，尤其是对年轻人，对女性的血脂水平也有好处，但这还需要进一步的研究。戒烟似乎不会影响血压。
BACKGROUND: Cessation of smoking is known to have health benefits, but individuals who give up smoking can also suffer adverse effects. This study investigated the effects of smoking cessation on cardiovascular risk factors in a community-based sample.METHODS: Longitudinal risk factor data were analysed in 1372 women and 888 men who took part in population-based mass health screenings in the rural town of Busselton, Western Australia. Age-adjusted changes in body weight, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity, blood pressure and total cholesterol over 3-year and 6-year follow-up periods were compared for 235 ex-smokers ('quitters'), 1499 never-smokers and 526 continuing smokers.RESULTS: In women, weight gain was larger in 'quitters' than in continuing smokers after 3 years (1.74 versus 0.32 kg, P = 0.015) and after 6 years (2.39 versus 1.24 kg, P = 0.085). Male 'quitters' had gained significantly more weight after both 3 years (2.84 versus 0.93 kg, P < 0.001) and 6 years (4.46 versus 2.40 kg, P < 0.001). Although FEV1 declined less in 'quitters' than in continuing smokers, this was statistically significant only for men and women aged less than 45 years. Smoking cessation was associated with smaller increases in cholesterol level in women, but not in men. Smoking cessation had no significant effect on changes in forced vital capacity or blood pressure.CONCLUSIONS: Smoking cessation has different consequences for cardiovascular risk factors in men and women. Although giving up smoking is associated with weight gain in both men and women, the magnitude of the gain is larger in men. Smoking cessation has beneficial effects on lung function, especially in younger people, and on lipid levels in women, but this requires further study. Smoking cessation does not appear to influence blood pressure.