The Fluoride Debate: The Pros and Cons of Fluoridation.
The Fluoride Debate: The Pros and Cons of Fluoridation.
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DOI：
10.3746/pnf.2018.23.3.171
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Doumit, Jacqueline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aoun, Antoine;Darwiche, Farah;Doumit, Jacqueline
氟化物是自然界中含量最丰富的元素之一。水是氟化物的主要饮食来源。唯一已知的与低氟摄入量有关的是龋齿的风险。最初，氟化物被认为在牙齿发育期间全身给予有益，但后来的研究表明其局部作用在预防或治疗龋齿和蛀牙方面的重要性和优势。饮水加氟曾经被誉为20世纪最伟大的公共卫生成就之一。由于这种做法在许多地区，特别是农村地区不可行或不具成本效益，研究人员和政策制定者探索了向普通人群引入氟化物的其他方法，例如在牛奶和食盐中添加氟化物。最近，全世界都对过量摄入氟化物和相关毒性表示严重关切，导致一些国家禁止氟化。卫生保健专业人员和公众需要有关氟化辩论的指导。本文综述了氟化的不同方面，其在龋齿预防中的有效性及其风险。于2018年1月在PubMed和Google Scholar数据库中进行，不限制发表期。
Fluoride is one of the most abundant elements found in nature. Water is the major dietary source of fluoride. The only known association with low fluoride intake is the risk of dental caries. Initially, fluoride was considered beneficial when given systemically during tooth development, but later research has shown the importance and the advantages of its topical effects in the prevention or treatment of dental caries and tooth decay. Water fluoridation was once heralded as one of the best public health achievements in the twentieth century. Since this practice is not feasible or cost effective in many regions, especially rural areas, researchers and policy makers have explored other methods of introducing fluoride to the general population such as adding fluoride to milk and table salt. Lately, major concerns about excessive fluoride intake and related toxicity were raised worldwide, leading several countries to ban fluoridation. Health-care professionals and the public need guidance regarding the debate around fluoridation. This paper reviews the different aspects of fluoridation, their effectiveness in dental caries prevention and their risks. It was performed in the PubMed and the Google Scholar databases in January 2018 without limitation as to the publication period.